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現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)考點歸納

時間:2022-06-06 09:51:41 英語論文 我要投稿
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現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)考點歸納

  現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去的動作,用于延續(xù)性動詞,且句中常帶有表示一段時間的時間狀語,下面是小編收集整理的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)考點歸納,希望能夠幫助到大家。

  一、考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法之一“過影現(xiàn)”

  “過影現(xiàn)”表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。此時,常與時間副詞already(已經(jīng)),yet(還;已經(jīng)),just(剛剛;僅僅),ever(曾經(jīng)),never(從不),before(以前)等連用。注意:already常用于肯定句中,yet用在疑問句中意為“已經(jīng)”,用在否定句中意為“還”。如:

  She has lost her bike.她把自行車丟了。(“丟”這個動作是過去發(fā)生的,對現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“她現(xiàn)在沒有自行車騎了”。)

  I’ve already read this book.我已經(jīng)讀過這本書了。(“讀”這一動作發(fā)生在過去,對現(xiàn)在造成的影響是“我已知道書中的內(nèi)容”。)

  【中考題例】

  1. Julia isn’t going to the cinema with us because she____the film.(2013年湖州卷)

  A. sees

  B.saw

  C. will see

  D. has seen

  2.- Have you finished your homework?

  ____.Just half of it.How about you?(2013年蘇州卷)

  A. Not at all

  B. Not likely

  C.Not a bit

  D. Not yet

  3.- Your shoes are so old Why don’t you buy a new pair?

  - Because I____all my money on an MP5.(2013年廣東卷)

  A.spend

  B.have spent

  C. am spending

  D.was spending

  二、考查現(xiàn)在完成時的用法之二“過延現(xiàn)”

  “過延現(xiàn)”表示過去已經(jīng)開始,延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),甚至還可能繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。常與for或slnce引出的時間狀語連用,動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。如:live,study,work,be,wait,know,stay,teach,keep,walk,sleep等。注意:for為介詞,后面要接“一段時間”;smce用作介詞時,后面接“過去的時間點”;since用作連詞時,后面接“從句”(從句謂語動詞用一般過去時)。另外,SO far(至今),up to now(到目前為止)也常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。如:

  Mr. Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city.自從王先生到這個城市以來,他就在這家工廠工作。

  So far, she has learnt about two thousand English words.到目前為止,她已經(jīng)學(xué)了大約2000個英語單詞。

  The baby has slept for three hours.孩子已睡三個小時了。

  溫馨提醒:非延續(xù)性動詞表示某一瞬間就結(jié)束的動作,常見的有:come, go, arrive, reach, see, hear, close, open, leave,begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up, become, borrow,lend.find,finish,receive等。這些動詞可用于現(xiàn)在完成時,說明某個動作的結(jié)果還存在,但不能和表示一段時間的狀語如how long,for,since連用。可將它們轉(zhuǎn)換為表示延續(xù)狀態(tài)的詞,如:buy-have , borrow/ lend-keep, join-be in/be a member of,die-be dead,leave-be away(from),begin-be on等。試體會下列例句:

  A他人團兩年了。

  誤:He has joined the League for two years.

  正:He has been a League member for two years.

  A我買這輛自行車三年了。

  誤:I have bought this bike for three years.

  正:I have had this bike for three years.

  A他離開家五天了。

  誤:He-left home for five days.

  正:He has been away from home for five days.

  【中考題例】

  4. My uncle has been taught in this school____he wastwenty years old. (2013年鞍山卷)

  A. since

  B.for

  C.until

  D.after

  5.-Look at these stamps.I____them for five years.

  -Wow, they are wonderful.(2013年衡陽卷)

  A. kept

  B.have kept

  C.have bought

  6.He____Luzhou for three months. (2013年瀘州卷)

  A. has left

  B.has come to

  C. has gone to

  D.has been away from

  7.-How long has Robert____?

  -Since 2004. (2013年濟南卷)

  A. been to Beijing

  B.become a policeman

  C. joined the art club

  D.studied in this school

  三、考查have/has gone to,have/has been to與have/hasbeen in的區(qū)別

  have/has been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”,現(xiàn)在人已經(jīng)不在那兒了;have/has gone to表示“已去了某地”,說話時,該人已不在現(xiàn)場,可能在去某地的途中,也可能已經(jīng)到達目的地,一般不用第一、二人稱作主語。注意:后接地點副詞時,介詞to要省略;have beenin表示“某人在某地”,去了某個地方或來到了某個地方多久。

  【中考題例】

  8.-1s Tom at home?

  -No, he___to town. (2013年天津卷)

  A. has been

  B.has gone

  C.goes

  D.will go

  9. A number of tourists

  .Yangzhou many timesbecause it is,such a beautiful city.(2013年揚州卷)

  A. have been to

  B.has been to

  C. has gone to

  D.have gone to

  10.-Jack,I haven’t seen your uncle for a lortg time.

  -He________Shanghai on business for two months.(2013年隨州卷)

  A. went tO

  B.has gone to

  C. has been in

  D.has been to

  四、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別

  現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時都可以表示過去發(fā)生的動作,但二者的側(cè)重點不同。一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),也可表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作,不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。常與表示過去的具體時間狀語連用,如:yesterday,last year,in1998,three years ago等。而現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,以及過去已開始并延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作,與現(xiàn)在有著密切的關(guān)系,不能與表示過去的時間狀語連用。

  【中考題例】

  11. - Anna, have you____seen China’s Got Talent(達人秀)?

  -Of course.I

  it last weekend.(2013年成寧卷)

  A. never;saw

  B.ever;have seen

  C. never;have seen[)。ever;saw

  12.- Have you had your breakfast yet?

  -Yes. Mom_

  it for me.(2013年江西卷)

  A. was cooking

  B.is cooking

  C.will cook

  D.cooked

  Key: 1~5 DDBAB

  6—10 DDBAC

  11~12 DD

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