Hurricane

教學目標

Teaching aims and demands
　　本單元的對話課的學習與操練，學生復習表示焦慮的日常用語和應答，學生能準確地運用到實際的對話過程中，了解颶風造成的巨大危害，學生能用自己組織的語言，介紹颶風在英國所造成的破壞，并能對災情能有較為詳盡的描述，學習過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法并能掌握。
Teaching important and difficult points
1．單詞
midnight n., hurricane n., anxious adj., expect vt., warn vt., warning n. likely adj., painful adj. path n., block vt., branch n., bath n., awake adj., cottage n. ,blanket n., altogether adv., surprisingly adv., weatherman n.
2. 詞組
be anxious about, pushover, bring down, take the place of, clear away, or so, as well as, blow down = blow over, cut off, wake up
3. 交際用語與句型
We were getting very worried.
We are anxious about"-
What's the matter with you ?
Is there anything the matter ?
There is no need to be worried.
4．語法
掌握過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法。

 

教學建議

課文建議

對話建議

　　1.建議教師運用對話中的幾個句型編寫一個小對話；2.教師在聽說過程中可借助多媒體形式給學生展示，培養(yǎng)學生視覺和聽覺的能力；3.教師可讓學生把課文改成復述的形式；4.教師利用完形填空形式來檢驗學生對對話中的詞語理解。

課文分析

　　本課用兩篇文章介紹了在1987年英國發(fā)生的颶風給人們的生活帶來了巨大的損失和災難，在第一篇課文中描述了19人喪生，1500萬樹木和森林被刮倒，電線和電話線被刮斷。第二篇課文介紹了許多公司中損失了大量的樹木，其中著名的公園國立植物園損失了一千多棵樹木，其中有些貴重樹種等。

課文重點、難點

辨析 hurt, ache, pain與painful

1）hurt:（使）疼痛。

　　My stomach hurts because I have eaten too many apples. 我的肚子痛，因為我吃了太多的蘋果。

2）ache隱隱作痛；持續(xù)作痛。

　　The strong light made my eyes ache. 強烈的光線使我的眼睛感到疼痛。

ache還可用作名詞表示“疼痛”， ache還可以構(gòu)成合成名詞：

　　headache  頭痛      backache  腰痛      stomachache 肚子痛

　　earache耳朵痛　　toothache 牙痛       heartache 心痛

3）pain用作名詞，痛苦，痛

　　She had a pain in her back all the time. 她的背部一直都痛。

4）painful用作形容詞, 痛的；使痛苦的，會痛的

　　Is your tooth still painful? 你的牙齒還痛嗎？

辨析expect, hope與wish

1). expect的用法

expect vt. 表示“預料，期待，盼望，指望，料想，以為”等意思，在expect之后，通常除了接不定式，帶不定式的復合賓語外，還可以接名詞、代詞以及賓語從句。

I hardly expected to find you still here. 我?guī)缀鯖]料想到仍會在這兒找到你。

Do you expect me to stay after that?在那之后你希望我呆下去嗎？

I didn’t expect that you would finish the work so soon. 我沒料想到你會這樣快地完成這項工作。

2）hope希望，用于可能實現(xiàn)的場合，一般只接不定式或從句作賓語。

I hope to see you soon. 我希望盡快見到你。

3）wish愿，希望，多用于虛擬語氣，常接雙賓語或賓語從句。

I wish you success.或I hope that you will succeed.

辨析rob和steal

rob是“搶”的意思，應說rob sb. of sth.

They robbed us of all our money.他們搶走了我們所有的錢。

steal是“偷”的意思，應說steal sth. from sb.

They stole all our money from us. 他們偷走了我們所有錢。

詞匯學習

1. strike的用法

1）表示“打，擊，敲（某人或某物）”。

The stone struck me on the side of the head. 石子打中我頭部的側(cè)面。

2）表示“通過摩擦產(chǎn)生（亮光，火花等）”。

He struck a match and lighted a candle.他劃了根火柴，點亮了蠟燭。

表示“打動，影響，引起”的意思。

His words struck fear in the listeners.他的話在聽眾中引起驚恐。

3）表示“罷工”的意思。

They struck for better working conditions.他們?yōu)闋幦「纳乒ぷ鳁l件而罷工。

4）表示“迷住，吸住”的意思。

I was struck by the beauty of the West Lake.我被西湖的美景給迷住了。

2.escape的用法

1）用作動詞，表示“（從監(jiān)禁、管制中）逃脫，逃走”

A lion escaped from its cage.一頭獅子從籠中逃走了。

2）escape表示“（液體、氣體）匯漏，滲出”

Make a hole to let the water escape.弄個洞讓水排出去。

3）表示“避免，躲避（愉快的事）免除”的意思

Where can we go to escape the crowds?我們到哪里才可以躲開這些人群。

4）其名詞形式仍為escape

Do you smell an escape of gas from the pipe?你聞到從管子里漏出的煤氣味了嗎？

3．be / get anxious about的用法

意為“為……擔憂慮或擔心”。

They are anxious about your health. 他們在為你的健康擔心。

而be anxious to do something意為“渴望或急切地去干某事”。

They are anxious to fly back.他們急切地想飛回來。

4．bring down的用法

意為“使倒下（下降）”；“擊落，推翻”。

The wind brought down a number of trees.風刮倒了好些棵樹。

They could do nothing to bring down prices.他們設(shè)法使物價下降。

Two more enemy planes were brought down. 又有兩架敵機被擊落。

5．take the place of的用法

意為“代替”，“取代”。

Nothing can take the place of the pleasant time.什么東西也不能夠替代那失去的好時光。

【注意】take sb’s place 也可以用來表示“代替某人”。

He can take your teacher’s place. 他可以替代你老師的位置。

Lesson42

1. Fifteen million trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking roads, paths and railway lines. 1,500萬棵樹被狂風刮倒，把大小道路和鐵路都堵塞了。

分析：1)本句中用了過去完成時的被動語態(tài)（been blown down）。過去完成時是一種與過去時相比較而存在的時態(tài)，用以表示“過去的過去”的動作或狀態(tài)。本句的過去完成時是和上句的謂語動詞woke up and found （過去時）相比較而存在的，表示“（過去）醒來之前，樹就已經(jīng)被刮倒了”的意思。

2)注意：用來修飾wind的一些形容詞，如a high wind(強風),也可以說a strong wind。又如：an adverse/a contrary/head wind 逆風；a fair wind 順風；a light/soft wind 微風；a cold/an icy/piercing wind 寒風。

3）blocking roads, paths and railway lines是-ing，用作狀語，表示如結(jié)果。

The fire lasted for three hours, killing 15 workers in all. 大火持續(xù)了三個小時，總共死亡15名工人。

2. One woman was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. (==..., she was awake and listened to the rushing winds.) 有位婦女醒著躺在床上，靜聽那疾馳而過的大風。

分析：awake在句中是形容詞，作“醒著”解，它的反義詞是asleep(睡著)。它們在句中用作表語，不作定語，如不說an awake woman，但可以說a wakeful woman。

—Is she awake or asleep? 她是醒著還是睡著了？

—She is awake. 她醒了。

但是，在本句中的形容詞awake是狀語，相當于being awake,表示伴隨狀態(tài)。

The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught. 小偷躲在角落里，擔心被人捉住。

listening to the rushing winds 是-ing短語，在句中作伴隨狀語。

He lay on the grass, looking at the stars in the sky. 他躺在草地上，望著天上的星星。

3. The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths. 召來部隊把倒下來的樹鋸斷，并幫忙清理大小道路。

分析：1）call in 在句中作“請來”、“找來”、“召來”解。有“請人來作某種專業(yè)的咨詢或幫忙”的意思。

I think we ought to call in a specialist at this point. 我想在這個時候應當請專家來看看。

2）短語動詞cut through作“剪斷”、“切斷”解。

The tailor cut through the cloth by mistake.  裁縫誤把這塊布剪斷了。

3）fallen trees倒下來的樹。fallen是fall的過去分詞，用作定語，修飾名詞trees。

注意：過去分詞有“被動”或“完成”的概念；單個的過去分詞作定語時，通常放在所修飾的名詞前面。

damaged houses被破壞的房屋。 injured people受傷的人；

注意：fallen trees與falling trees的區(qū)別：

前者是“已經(jīng)倒下來的樹”，強調(diào)動作的完成；后者是“正在倒下來的樹”，強調(diào)動詞的進行。

Lesson 43

1. But it will be more than 100 years before the country begins once again to look as it did before. 但是要過100多年以后，這個國家才能恢復到以前的樣子。

分析：1)這是一個主從復合句。主句是it will be more than 100 years, 其中it指代“時間”。before the country ... to look ...是時間狀語從句，這個before是連詞。as it did before是一個方式狀語從句，其中as是連詞，作“同……一樣”解。這個it指代the country，謂語動詞did代替looked，以避免重復，這個從句中的before是副詞，作“以前”解。

2)before 作連詞用時，多譯作“在……之前”。

Please remove your shoes before you enter the laboratory.進實驗之前請先脫鞋。

before可譯作“……（之后）才”。

He finished writing his composition before he went to play football. 他寫完了作文才去踢足球。

3)once again/more作“再一次”、“重新”解。

Try it once again. 再試一次。

2. Surprisingly, the weather report on the evening before the storm said there would be strong winds, but not a hurricane. 令人驚奇的是，風暴發(fā)生之前的那個晚上，天氣預報說，將有強風，而沒有颶風。

分析：1)這是一個復合句。主句是the weather report ... said ..., 后跟賓語從句there would be strong winds …。but not a hurricane 是but there would not be a hurricane 的省略。

2)表示“在晚上”用in the evening。表示在某個特定的晚上時，要用介詞on，如:

on Monday evening（在星期一的晚上），on the evening of December 12 （在12月12日的晚上），on the evening before the storm (在風暴發(fā)生前一天的那個晚上)。

過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法

　　過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法，它主要用在“主語+have / get / find/ …+賓語+過去分詞”的句型中。現(xiàn)在分別說明三種不同的含義。

1．  have sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)

　　其中的done就是代表作賓語補足語用的過去分詞，而have是使役動詞，它在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中不作“有”解，而作“請”、“派”、“使令”解。

1）表示“請/讓/叫（別人為自己做某事）”的意思

I had my tap repaired. 我請人修好了水龍頭。

2）表示“遭遇某種（不幸的）事情”，說明賓語的一種無意識的受動行為，并不說明“誰使（賓語）遭遇某事”。

She had her house damaged in the storm. 她的房屋在風暴中遭到了破壞。

3）表示“使完成某事”的意思，此事可以是別人完成的，也可以是自己參與完成的。

She told me she had had her house repaired. 她告訴我，她的房屋修好了。（“她”可能參加了修建工作，也可能沒參加。）

注意：不要把have sth. done同have done sth. 混淆起來。后者現(xiàn)在完成時的結(jié)構(gòu)，have 是助動詞，本身無詞義；而前者中的have是使役動詞，本身有詞義。試比較：

He had his watch repaired. 他請人把手表修好了。（別人修）

Ha has repaired his watch. 他已經(jīng)修好了手表。（自己修）

下面一些例句，可讓學生領(lǐng)會have sth. done的含義：

　　a. She's so ill. You ought to have her examined.

　　b. Her father had a new house built.

　　c. When did you have the rooms painted?

　　d. He had his face and hands burned in the fire.

　　e. The king had his head cut off.

　　f. I thought you had had everything well prepared.

2．get sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)

get在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中也是使役動詞，也作“請”“派”“使令”

We got our water heater repaired last week. 上周我們（請人）把熱水器修理了一下。

3．find sth. done結(jié)構(gòu)

　　它的意思是“發(fā)現(xiàn)某物已經(jīng)……”或“發(fā)現(xiàn)某物被……”，這個結(jié)構(gòu)中的過去分詞（done）表明賓語現(xiàn)在的情況，含有“完成”或“被動”的意思。

　　I found all the windows broken. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)窗戶都（被打）破了。

練習：

1.he was disappointed to find his suggestions________.

　　A. been turned down　　B. turned down

　　C. to be turned down　　D. to turn down

2.---Good morning. Can I help you?

　---I’d like to have this package ______, Madam.

　　A. be weighed　　B. to be weighed　　C. to weigh　　D. weighed

3.The murderer was brought in with his hands ______behind his back.

　　A. being tied　　B. having tied　　C. to be tied　　D. tied

4.It is wise to have some money ______for old age.

　　A. put away　　B. keep up

　　C. given away　　D. laid up

Answers: BDDALesson 41教學設(shè)計方案

Teaching Aims

　　Practise the dialogue and study the language points.

StepⅠRevision

　　1. Check the homework exercises.

　　2. Revise expressions about the weather. Ask the students for as many expressions as possible,

For example: It's windy. It is cloudy. It is terribly cold. It is minus 10 degrees.

StepⅡWarming--up

Look at Page 61. Talk about the picture.

What is happening? What are they talking about? And who are they?

Step Ⅲ Listening

1. Listen to the tape and repeat the dialogue.

2. Practise the dialogue by asking four students come to the front of the classroom. One is mother, one is father, one is Jane and the one is Pippa.

3.Fill in the blanks

　　One day Jane and Pippa were enjoying themselves walking in the hills. They couldn't ______across a river because the bridge had been ______away by the floods. ______they had to find another way_____. When they were to climb over some rocks, it suddenly started to ______and the wind _____80 hard. Luckily, they could see______ they were going. It took them along time to climb _____ the rocks. Then they across some very wet ground, and got ______ , with their clothes wet and ___. Their parents had been waiting for them. They wondered what was to their daughters. When they heard a_____ on the radio that a hurricane was ______to come, they were feeling very ______. Fortunately, the two girls managed to get home and their ______ finally felt relaxed (放松的) .

Answers

go / get   washed   So back rain   blew   where   over   walked   home   dirty happening   warning   likely   worried   parents                     

Step Ⅳ Reading

　　Let the students read the dialogue quickly and try to know the general idea by answering questions.

　　1. Why were Jane and Pipa late?

　　2. Why were Jane and Pipa’s parents wearied?

Answers:1.Because the bridge had been washed away by the floods.

　　2.Because it was late, and a hurricane was likely to come.

Step Ⅴ Language Points

1. There you are! 你才回來！

2. There is (no) need to do…（沒）有必要做。例如：

　There is (no) need for sth （沒）有必要做

3. (1) be (get) anxious about…  為……擔憂

　 (2) be (get) anxious to do sth. 著急要去干……

4. be likely to do… 有可能做……

Step Ⅵ Practice       

　　Page 61, Part 2. Let students match the phrases on the left with the replies on tine right. Do the first one with the whole class, then let the students work through the exercises in pairs. Check the answers with the class.

A: What's the matter?

B: My foot is a bit painful.

A: Is there anything the matter?

B: Yes, there has been an accident.

A: What's wrong ?

B: Nothing. We are fine.

A: We are all anxious about you.

B: There is no need to be worried.

A: We were getting worried about you.

B: I didn't know I was going to be late.

Step Ⅶ Workbook

　　1. Look at Page 123. Do Ex 1. Let the students read the dialogue again and then ask the students to discuss the answers in pails. Check the answers with the whole class.

　　2. As for Ex 2, let the students work in pairs first, then check the answers.

　　3. Before doing Ex 3, revise the words in the box. Do the exercise orally in class. The six sentences can be translated into Chinese if possible.

Step Ⅷ Homework

　　Prepare lesson 42

Lesson 42教學設(shè)計方案

Teaching Aims

　　1. Let students know what hurricane is and what to do when hurricane comes.

　　2. The students are required to answer the questions raised by the teacher and in the passage.

StepⅠRevision

　　1. Check the homework exercises.

　　3. Revise the dialogue in Lesson 41 by asking questions and telling the story of Jane and Pippa.

Step ⅡWarming--up

1. Talk about weather.

　　1) what’s the weather like in your hometown ?

　　2) Have you experienced a hurricane ?

　　3) How long did it last?

　　4) What are the results ?

2. Talk about the picture on Page 62.

StepⅢ Listening

Listen to the tape and answer some questions.

　　1. What happened in a hurricane?

　　2. Why are hurricanes dangerous ?

　　3. Why did the hurricane cause so much damage?

　　4. Who helped to get things back to normal after the hurricane ?

　　5. Which parts of China have hurricanes?

Keys:1.When a hurricane comes, the heavy rain and strong winds make the trees down and house destroyed.

　　2.Because hurricanes can destroy trees, houses and make people lose their lives.

　　3.Because it had been raining heavily, the ground was wet and the trees were easily pushed over by the wind.

　　4.The army, the electricity workers and the telephone workers helped to get things back to normal after the hurricane.

　　5.Usually there are hurricanes in the southeast of China.

Step Ⅳ Reading

Read the text and try to know the general idea, and then tell the true or false sentences.

　　1. On Friday 16th Oct. 1987, a hurricane struck the southeast of England.

　　2. In the hurricane, ninety people lost their lives.

　　3. England usually has plenty of rain every month of the year.

　　4. In the morning people woke up and found the outside world hardly changed.

　　5. Many towns and villages had their water supply cut off because there was no electricity.

　　6. It took months to clear all the roads and to mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines by the army.

Answers: T  F  T  F  T  F

Step 5 Watch video and then do exercise I on page 124

Step Ⅴ Practice

Read the text quickly and then do the written exercise by filling in the blanks .

　　In 1987, a hurricane   1   the southeast of England. Nineteen people lost their   2  . If the hurricane   3   happened during the day - time, there   4   have been many more death. That night was the worst one   5   history.

　　In the morning people found the world outside their houses completely __6   . Fifteen million trees had been   7   down by the high winds. Electricity lines as   8  as telephone poles were brought down. Many towns and villages had their water supply   9  off because there was   10  electricity. Many people had to use   11   .

　　It took   12   to clear all the roads and mend all the broken electricity lines and telephone lines. The army was called _ 13 __ to cut through fallen trees and to help to __ 14__ the roads and paths. They worked for long hours for several weeks before everything returned to  15  .

[Answers:]1. hit/ struck  2. lives   3. had  4.would  5. in  6. changed 7. blown  8. well   9. cut   10. no   11. lamps   12. weeks   13. in   14. clear   15. normal

Step Ⅵ Language points

1.up to    2.as well as

3.If +主語+had done, 主語+should/ would/could/ might + have done.

4．call in       call at         call…back       call for

put down    bring down     blow down        cut down

1. Last year I went to Guiyang on business, but I had no time to ______ the place where she was    working.

2. Mr Zhang told the meeting that we were facing some new problems that ______immediate solution (解決) .

3. This morning Zhou Yan called me when I was away, but I still haven't got time to ______ her____.

4. Kate is so ill that we cannot move her. Please ______ a doctor quickly.

5. Whenever and wherever floods or earthquakes happen, the PLA soldiers are ______ to help     rescue the people.

6. The company manager told her to ______ all the customers’ names and addresses in order to  keep in touch with them.

7. It was really a hand job to rebuild the houses ______in the hurricane.

8. The electricity lines that were _______ in the earthquake were very dangerous to the people and animals.

9. The farmers must be told to stop the young trees for firewood.

Answers: 1. call at     2. called for    3. call…back 4. call in    5. called in    4. put down 7. blown down    8. brought down    9. cutting down

Step VII Workbook

　　Look at Page 124. Do Ex 1 and Ex 2 . Before doing Ex 2, revise the expressions. Let the students work in pairs. Check the answers with the whole class and get the students to put the sentences into Chinese.

Step VIII Homework

　　1. Prepare Lesson 43.

　　2. Write a short passage according to the four pictures on Page 63

 

 

探究活動

　　1.You and your friend have decided to see a play and your friend promised to meet you at the gate of the theatre at 6:00.The play begins at 6:30.It’s now nearly 7:00 o’clock, but still your friend hasn’t turned up yet. Later he arrives and you ask him the reason. Make a dialogue between you two.
　　2.Suppose you were one of the members of the family living in a house with very tall trees all around. Tell your experience in the hurricane in English. How strong the wind was? What decision did you make and what did you do later?
　　3.Suppose you were one of the workers from other parts of Britain. You were called to travel south to help repair the damage. Tell what you see all around and what you do there.