Why do you do that

教學(xué)目標(biāo)

教學(xué)目標(biāo)與要求
　　通過本單元教學(xué)，使學(xué)生學(xué)會使用表示目的用語，并運用到日常交際。復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時和含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的用法。使學(xué)生學(xué)會寫種植西紅柿的過程。

教學(xué)的重點和難點
Words and expressions
burn, free, operate, obey, punish, so that, in order to, make sure, stop. . . (from) doing
Daily expressions
　　1）I’ll keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn’t bum the little plants．
　　2）I’ll water them to stop the soil getting too dry．
Grammar
　　1.Ways of expressing purposes
　　2.Revision of the Passive Voice

教學(xué)建議

能力訓(xùn)練

　　1．利用對話、課文，組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行聽、說、讀、寫的訓(xùn)練。

　　2．利用新單詞、詞組及日常交際用語，組織學(xué)生造句、編對話、敘述課文、表達(dá)思想等。

德育教學(xué)

　　通過對話和課文的學(xué)習(xí)，喚起學(xué)生對大自然的愛心，使他們認(rèn)識到保護(hù)環(huán)境的重要性。

互動活動

　　1、聽、讀 2、問答練習(xí)3、造句4、編演對話5、討論6、復(fù)述課文7、講故事

聽力建議

　　1．建議教師在聽之前，大概介紹所聽材料的內(nèi)容或背景知識，這樣學(xué)生們能夠抓住要點，同時教師也為了讓學(xué)生們理解得更清楚，也可提前把問題寫在黑板或讓學(xué)生們先看問題，然后聽磁帶。

　　2．在20課131頁的聽力練習(xí)，主要內(nèi)容講解一對英國夫婦的農(nóng)場，教師在放磁帶之前，讓學(xué)生們看一看每道練習(xí)題的大致問的內(nèi)容，放完一遍后，教師可問一到兩個學(xué)生農(nóng)場的概況，然后教師根據(jù)問題的內(nèi)容在分別放磁帶。

口語建議

　　1、教師堅持用英語組織課堂教學(xué)的方向，盡量給學(xué)生創(chuàng)造英語的真實情景。幫助學(xué)生聽懂課堂用語和日常交際用語。

　　2、本單元是對于表示目的一些交際用語，教師可以按以下程序：看、聽老師演示→聽錄音→ 訓(xùn)練學(xué)生典型句型→ 讀課文 → 學(xué)生運用。

教材分析

　　本單元的內(nèi)容是圍繞播種，植樹這一題材，讓學(xué)生了解植樹造林的意義。日常交際用語運用了陳述目的基本表達(dá)法，同時在對話及課文閱讀中使用了主要詞匯的用法，如;shade, in order to, in fact, stop, cut down, known down等。同時本單元出現(xiàn)的語法重點是復(fù)習(xí)被動語態(tài)及表示目的句型結(jié)構(gòu)。

教學(xué)重點難點

　　take, bring, carry, fetch

　　這四個動詞都有“帶”的意思，但動作的方向不同。

　　1）take意為“拿去，帶去”，如圖所示： 

　　It’s going to rain. You’d better take your umbrella with you. 要下雨了，你最好帶上雨傘。

　　2）bring意為“帶來，拿來”，如圖所示： 

　　Bring me the newspaper, please．請把報紙給我拿來。

　　3）carry意為“攜帶”，無方向性。如：

　　He always caries a small notebook in his pocket．他口袋里老是帶著一個小筆記本。

　　4）fetch意為“去拿來”，如圖所示：     含有一去一來的意思。

　　如：People had to walk many kilometers in order to fetch wood．人們要砍柴得走很遠(yuǎn)。

burn v．－－燒毀，焚毀．燒傷；（由酸類）灼傷；燃燒（以取火或熱）

　　l）此詞指正在燃燒的狀態(tài)而不表示“點燃”的動作，“點燃”一詞應(yīng)是light。

　　I will keep the box in the shade so that the sun doesn't burn the little plants．我將把盒子放在陰涼處以防太陽曬壞小苗。

　　The two men had their limits burning all night long in order that everyone might see how hard they were working on the Emperor’ s new clothes. 這兩個人點了一夜燈以便讓大家知道　　他們趕做皇帝的新裝是多么賣力。

　　2）對其過去式、過去分詞有兩種形式burned，burned或burnt，burnt。但是過去分詞burnt常用作adj.，如

　　He took a burnt stick up from the ground．他從地上撿起一個燃燒過的棍子。

　　強(qiáng)調(diào)動作時多用burned，其后常接賓語。

　　They had burned all the old letters before they left．他們在離開前把所有的信都燒了。

feed．作為食物喂養(yǎng)；以……為食

　　In fact they grow better if you feed them. 事實上如果你們喂養(yǎng)他們，他們就能生長得更好。

　　She feeds her baby on (with) cows’ milk. =She feeds cows’ milk to her baby.

　　The sheep feed chiefly on grass. 羊主要以草為食。

　　soil, earth, ground ,land 和 field的區(qū)別

　　earth作“泥土”解，與soil通用。它還可以作“地球，大地”解，相對于天空而言，如：

　　He filled the hole with earth. 他用泥土填洞。

　　soil 指土壤，耕地，國土等。

　　Soil is earth in which flowers, trees and other plants can grow. 土壤是花草、樹木及其他植物得以生長的泥土。

　　land 指相對于大海而言的“陸地”，也可以指土地、 國土等。

　　After along journey, they found the rich land. 經(jīng)過長途跋涉，他們找到了這塊沃土。

　　ground主要指地面、地板（floor）,也可指田地（與land可通用），如：

　　There is a large play ground in front of our building.在我們樓前有一個大操場。

　　field指田地、原野、場地（=ground）。如：

　　They are working in the fields. 他們正在地里干活。

　　The rest are left to grow even taller. 余下的被留下來以讓它們長得更高。

　　1）the rest作“剩余部分，其余”講。它作主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要依據(jù)它所指代的名詞的數(shù)來確定。例如：

　　The rest of the money was left to his son. 剩余的錢留給他兒子。

　　Only Tom is in the classroom. The rest of the students are still at play.只有湯姆在教室里。其余的學(xué)生還在玩。

　　2）句中的副詞even修飾比較級taller, 它沒有實際意義，只起加強(qiáng)語氣的作用�？捎脕硇揎椥稳菰~或副詞比較級的詞或短語還有much, far, still, rather, a lot, a great, deal, a little, a bit等。例如：

　　It’s a bit cold today. 今天有點冷。

　　His book is far more interesting. 他的書更加有趣。

so that he can catch the first bus.

in order that he can catch the first bus.

so as to catch the first bus.

in order to catch the first bus.

to catch the first bus.

　　本單元重點的語法項目是表示目的的方式，下面將表示目的的幾種方式歸納如下。

　　1、動詞不定式（包括 so as to，in order to）。

　　2、用so that和 in order that引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句，從“句中一般含有情態(tài)動詞can，could，may，might等。下面以“為了能趕上第一班車，他每天都起得很早”為例。

　　He gets up early every morning

　　以上是用肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)。

　　用否定結(jié)構(gòu)，注意“不定式的否定結(jié)構(gòu)在to前加not; so that/ in order that 只有在主句主語和從句主語一致的情況下可以換成 so as to／in order to；in order to可放于句首，so as to則不可）

so that he can’t miss the first bus.

in order that he can't miss the first bus.

so as not to miss the first bus.

in older not to miss the first bus.

　　so that也可用來引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。在so that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句中，謂語動詞前不用情態(tài)動詞，主從句間可有逗號隔開。例如：

Everyone said no, so that the plan was dropped. 大家都反對，計劃就不再討論了。

　　cut down, cut in, cut off與cut out的區(qū)別

　　cut down意為砍倒，削減，指將樹砍倒或裁軍

　　to cut down a tree with an axe 用斧頭把樹砍倒

　　cut in 意為打斷，指從語言中打斷

　　Don't cut in while I'm talking. 我說話時別插嘴。

　　cut off意為“切斷、切下”指切斷電源，水源，煤氣等。

　　He cut off the gas when a fire breaks out.

　　cut out意為切下，刪下，指刪掉，剪下文章等。

　　He cut out an article from the newspaper.

教學(xué)設(shè)計方案 Lesson 17

一、Teaching Aims

　　1. To learn how to plant things from this dialogue.

　　2. To learn to use the following useful words and expressions.

      Burn, so that, stop. . . (from) doing, make. . . do

　　3. To make sure that the students can act out the dialogue publicly and that they can make a similar dialogue.

二、Teaching Procedures

Step 1Revision

1.Check the homework exercises

2.Ask some Ss to read aloud the travel diary

Step 2 Presentation

T: We have many kinds of flowers on our campus which make our school very beautiful. But do you know how to plant flowers?

Possible answers: First dig a hole in the earth. Put some flower seeds in the hole. Cover the hole with some soil and then water it.

Then tell the Ss that in this period we are going to learn how to plant things.

Step 3 listening

1. The Ss to listen to the tape with the books closed.

Ask this question: Where is Mum sowing cabbage?

2. Allow the Ss to listen to the tape again. Ask the following questions.

1) Why does Mum keep the box in the shade?

Answer: Mum keeps the box in the shade so that the sun doesn’t burn the little plants.

2) What will make the cabbage plants grow big and strong?

Answer: The powder

Step 4 Reading

Ask them to try to match the pictures with the steps.
 

1. Put some soil in the box.

2. Sow the seeds and cover them with more soil.

3. Keep the box in the shade.

4. Put the plants in the earth and water them.

5. Plant them in rows in the field.

6. Feed them with some powder.

Step 5 Practice

1. Let the Ss read the dialogue twice in pairs.

2. Ask the Ss to make a similar dialogue with the following topics.

 　　How to plant tomatoes.　　         How to plant potatoes.

　　 How to plant peanuts.         　　 How to plant sunflowers.

　　 How to plant cucumbers       　　 How to plant eggplants.

Step 6 Language points

T gives the Ss the language points and further explains them

cabbage seed, so that, stop the soil from getting too dry, like you feed chickens

Step 7 Workbook

1. Do Part 2. on Page 17 in the textbook. Here we will deal with the grammar: to express one’s purpose with the phrase “to do”.

Step 8 Summary and further practice

1. Summary

Go over the useful words and expressions and make sure the Ss have learnt how to use them.

2. Ask the Ss to make some other dialogues in which there is the phrase “to do” to express one’s purpose.

Possible topics:

Why do you like collecting stamps?

Why do you like the pop music?

Step 9 Homework

Wb Lesson 17 Ex. 1,2 and 3.

教學(xué)設(shè)計方案Lesson 1８

一Teaching Aims

　　1. To help the Ss to understand the text completely.

　　2. To help the Ss to know how to skim the text to find the general idea and to help them to scan the text to locate specific information quickly.

　　3. To help the Ss to recognize the importance of good environment.

二Teaching procedures

Step 1 Revision

1.Check the homework exercises.

2.Revise how to grow a plant. Get the Ss to tell you the process.

Step 2 Introduction

1.T: Today we are going to read about some village people. They decided to grow some new trees. Let's find out why.

2.Ask the Ss to look at the pictures and ask the following questions.
 

1)What are the women doing?

2)Can you guess why the housewives are planting trees?

Step 3 Listening

1 T plays the tape twice. and try to understand the text at last

2.After that, ask them some questions below.

1)Was it easy for the village people of Tansa to fetch wood in the past? How do you know?

2).Is the programme of planting trees operated by men or women in this area?

Answers:1).It was very difficult for them to do so. They had to walk many kilomeres in order to fetch wood.

2).By women in this area.

Step 4 Reading

1. T gives the Ss 10 minutes to read loudly and carefully, then T draws two columns on the Bb: Get Ss to answer what has changed in the past few years or today?

Answers:

In the past

No trees left; people walked a long way to fetch wood; when it rained, the soil was carried away; no new trees were planed

Today

forest programme; plant thousands of trees; people are not allowed to cut down small trees; everyone looks after the forests; the forests have grown, larger and better.

2.Ask the Ss to discuss this question in groups. What do you think of the women in Tangsa?

Answers:

They have a strong sense of responsibility. They are foresighted and hardworking. They know the importance of forests. They are willing to do things for other people.

Step 5 Discussion

1. Ask the Ss to discuss the fallowing question in groups.

If you are one of the villagers, what will you do? 

2. Ask the Ss to discuss the importance of forests and ask this question: Why should we protect the environment and reduce the pollution?

Step 6 Workbook

Read the text again and try to answer the questions of Ex. 1 on Page 78

Step 7 Language points

T deal with any difficult points at this stage. For examples:

obey, cut down , carry away, forest programme, so on.

Step 8 Homework

1. Do Ex. 2and3on Page 78

2. Retell the text.

3. Tell a story about protecting the environment.

 

探究活動

　　教師組織學(xué)生們進(jìn)行講述自己種植蔬菜，花和樹木的經(jīng)過，教師可給學(xué)生們種植西紅柿的簡單過程，如：
　　First put some soil in a box, sow the seeds carefully, and then cover them with more soil. After that keep the box in the shade so that the sun does not burn the little plants. Later ,after a few week’s time put the little plants in the earth. Don’t forget to water them, so that the soil will not be too dry.

 

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