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九年級(jí) U4 Where Were You Doing?
初三 Unit Four
內(nèi)容
一、 教學(xué)目標(biāo)與要求
通過(guò)本單元教學(xué),使學(xué)生初步學(xué)習(xí)和運(yùn)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),描述在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。了解這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)陳述句式、疑問(wèn)句式的構(gòu)成以及與其連用的一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。上述要求,應(yīng)落實(shí)在學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)練習(xí)和書(shū)面語(yǔ)練習(xí)中,學(xué)生應(yīng)能獨(dú)立完成練習(xí)冊(cè)上有關(guān)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)各種形式的練習(xí),正確率不低于70%。教師還可視學(xué)生情況 ,要求學(xué)生用第一人稱改寫(xiě)第14課課文,并運(yùn)用自己組織的語(yǔ)言復(fù)述課文。
二、 教學(xué)重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)
1.句型:1)It′s quite a nice picture.2)I′m sorry to trouble you.3)to find it difficult to do sbh.4)Would you please not do this?
2.語(yǔ)法:學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)(The Past continuous Tense I).
三、 課時(shí)安排
本單元共用5課時(shí)。第14課用2課時(shí),其余各課用1課時(shí)。
第十三課 Lesson Thirteen
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容
1.詞匯(略)。
2.句型:It′s quite a nice picture.
3.語(yǔ)法:初步學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的用法。
二、教具
錄音機(jī):一組圖片,畫(huà)有人物和動(dòng)作,如:打籃球、跑步、唱歌、寫(xiě)作業(yè)等,并標(biāo)有具體的過(guò)去時(shí)間。如:8:30 yesterday morning等。
三、課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1.請(qǐng)三位同學(xué)到前面來(lái),分別做出掃地、讀書(shū)、寫(xiě)字等動(dòng)作。教師依次提問(wèn):
T:What are you doing?
S1:I′m sweeping the floor.
S2:I′m reading a book.
S:I′m writing.
教師手指這三位同學(xué),依次問(wèn)大家:
T:What is he/she doing?
學(xué)生按照實(shí)際情景,依次答出:
S2: He is sweeping the floor. She is reading a book. He is writing.
教師要求全班將三個(gè)人的動(dòng)作分別記清楚。
2.復(fù)習(xí) 值日生報(bào)告。
教師可繼續(xù)要求學(xué)生就所學(xué)科目提出看法,并就他人看法表示同意或不同意。
3.就剛才三位同學(xué)的動(dòng)作,向全班提問(wèn):What was ×××doing when I came in?
重復(fù)兩至三遍,板書(shū)這個(gè)句式,用彩色粉筆標(biāo)出was,啟發(fā)大家猜測(cè)句子的含義,并引導(dǎo)全班回答:
He was sweeping the floor. She was reading a book. He was writing.
板書(shū)上述三個(gè)答句,啟發(fā)學(xué)生觀察謂語(yǔ)部分的變化,并簡(jiǎn)要介紹一下過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)所表示的含義。
4.打開(kāi)書(shū),借助課文插圖教授本課詞匯,反復(fù)練習(xí)。
5.兩人一組,練習(xí)課文第1部分問(wèn)答。請(qǐng)幾組說(shuō)出自己的答案。教師講評(píng)。
6.合上書(shū)。準(zhǔn)備放課文第2部分錄音。教師給出聽(tīng)前提問(wèn)(Pre-reading questions):
What is Li Lei doing?
放錄音一遍,學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。
7.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生兩人一組做課文第3部分練習(xí)。教師先與一位程度較好的學(xué)生表演以下對(duì)話:
T: What was Li Lei doing when the teacher came in?
S: He was drawing a picture.
T: What was he drawing?
S: He was drawing a horse.
T: What was he using?
S: He was using chalk.
T: Where was he drawing?
S: He was drawing on the blackboard.
全班兩人一組,就Meimei及the twins進(jìn)行內(nèi)容相似的問(wèn)答練習(xí),請(qǐng)幾組同學(xué)表演。
教師出示事先準(zhǔn)備好的圖片,就上面的人物及活動(dòng)與學(xué)生進(jìn)行問(wèn)答練習(xí)。
8.教師解釋課文難句(見(jiàn)難點(diǎn)講解)
9.布置作業(yè)
1)抄寫(xiě)生詞、短語(yǔ),練習(xí)朗讀本課對(duì)話;2)完成練習(xí)冊(cè)習(xí)題。
四、難點(diǎn)講解
But please don′t play with my chalk.但是請(qǐng)不要玩粉筆。
句中的play是不及物動(dòng)詞,意思是:玩,玩耍。例如:Let′s t play together.讓我們一起玩吧。
Play還可作為及物動(dòng)詞,有\(zhòng)"參加游戲、玩球、扮演、彈琴\"等意思。例如:
1) The children are playing basketball over there.孩子們正在那邊打籃球呢。
2) Let′s play doctors and unrses.讓我們扮演醫(yī)生和護(hù)士。
3) She plays the piano wonderfully.他鋼琴?gòu)椀梅浅:谩?
第十四課 (Ⅰ)Lesson Fourteen(Ⅰ)
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容
1.詞匯 (略)。
2.句型:1)I′m sorry to trouble you.2)to find it difficult to do sth.3)Would you please not do this?
3.語(yǔ)法:繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的用法
二、 教具
錄音機(jī);仿課文插圖繪制兩張掛圖;上次使用的圖片等。
三、 課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1.復(fù)習(xí) 值日生報(bào)告。教師出示上次使用過(guò)的圖片,復(fù)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)?芍笇(dǎo)學(xué)生利用圖片進(jìn)行問(wèn)答練習(xí)。
2.利用本課掛圖,教授課文中部分詞匯。以下單詞可通過(guò)看圖介紹:Russian, Moscow, upstairs, downstairs, sleep, quiet(ly), noise, fall, asleep等。
反復(fù)練習(xí)上述詞語(yǔ),至學(xué)生初步上口為止。
3.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀課文提示。
給學(xué)生8分鐘時(shí)間自己閱讀課文(本文計(jì)約305個(gè)詞),用筆標(biāo)出另外幾個(gè)沒(méi)有學(xué)的生詞,并盡量依據(jù)上下文去猜測(cè)其含義。規(guī)定時(shí)限過(guò)后,要求學(xué)生回答課文提示中的問(wèn)題,教師予以講評(píng)。
4.就學(xué)生挑出的其他詞匯進(jìn)行講練。先要求學(xué)生根據(jù)上下文去判斷詞義,或用動(dòng)作,或用英文將詞義表演、描述出來(lái)。例如教knock at 時(shí),可做出敲門(mén)的動(dòng)作。
unhappy: means not happy
bang:the sound of dropping the shoe
5.聽(tīng)課文錄音,學(xué)生跟讀一遍。
6.打開(kāi)練習(xí)冊(cè),做習(xí)題1。允許學(xué)生反復(fù)閱讀課文,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生用筆頭形式答題。如果時(shí)間允許,可檢查一些同學(xué)的口答。
7.布置作業(yè)
1)抄寫(xiě)本課生詞、短語(yǔ);2)練習(xí)朗讀課文;3)書(shū)面形式做練習(xí)冊(cè)習(xí)題1。
第十四課(Ⅱ)Lesson Fourteen(Ⅱ)
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容
進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)課文
二、 教具
同上課。
三、 課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1.復(fù)習(xí) 教師參照練習(xí)冊(cè)習(xí)題1,與學(xué)生進(jìn)行問(wèn)答練習(xí)?赏ㄟ^(guò)如下方法,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生口頭復(fù)述課文的能力:
對(duì)一組學(xué)生逐個(gè)提問(wèn),這組學(xué)生每次回答一個(gè)問(wèn)題;從另外一組中找出一位同學(xué),依次將每個(gè)同學(xué)及他前面同學(xué)的答案像 雪球似的復(fù)述下來(lái)。例如:
T:Where did the man live?
S1: The man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow.
S0: The man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow.
T: Why did he like to live there?
S2: Because it was usually very quiet and he could see the park from his window.
S0: The man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow.He liked living there because it was usually very quiet and he could see the park from his window.
T: What did the man upstairs always do when he came home every night?
S3:The man upstairs always took off his shoes and threw them on the floor.
S0:The man lived in a tall building in the city of Moscow. He liked living there because it was usually very quiet and he could see the park from his window.The man upstairs always took off his shoes and threw them on the floor.
扮演S0的角色,一次可以是一個(gè)人;可以是一個(gè)組;也可以是班上其他學(xué)生。剛開(kāi)始練習(xí)時(shí),問(wèn)題不宜一次提得過(guò)多,三至五個(gè)即可,逐步過(guò)渡。此外,較難回答的問(wèn)題要注意修改,通常不使用一般疑問(wèn)句(除非學(xué)生掌握更靈活的方法 注)。
2.聽(tīng)課文錄音,學(xué)生跟讀一遍。
3.教師解釋難句(見(jiàn)難點(diǎn)講解)
4.打開(kāi)練習(xí)冊(cè),做習(xí)題2。當(dāng)堂核對(duì)答案,并要求學(xué)生按此準(zhǔn)備課文復(fù)述。
5.布置作業(yè)
1)練習(xí)朗讀本課文,準(zhǔn)備復(fù)述;2)書(shū)面完成練習(xí)冊(cè)其他習(xí)題。
四、 難點(diǎn)講解
1.the man upstairs 樓上的人
the man downstairs 樓下的人
upstairs和downstairs都是副詞,用來(lái)修飾前面的名詞the man。當(dāng)副詞用作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞時(shí),一般要放在被修飾的名詞之后。例如:On his journey home,he made a lot of friends.在回家的旅途中,他交了很多朋友。(句中home是副詞)
Look at the photo above.請(qǐng)看上面的照片。(句中above是副詞)
2.He liked living there.他喜歡住在那里。
作為動(dòng)詞,like后既可接動(dòng)詞不定式也可接動(dòng)名詞,但在意義上有細(xì)微差異。Like to do 表示的是具體的動(dòng)作,往往有特定的場(chǎng)合;而like doing是抽象意義,表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。例如:
I like walking in the evening.我愛(ài)在傍晚散步。
I like to walk in the evening.我喜歡傍晚去散步。
I like playing basketball.我喜歡打籃球。
I like to play basketball.我現(xiàn)在想去打籃球。
3.He found it very difficult to get to sleep and he was very unhappy.他發(fā)現(xiàn)難以入睡,很不高興。
句中的it是形式上的賓語(yǔ),而真正的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)to get to sleep。It作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí),句子結(jié)構(gòu)往往是:主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+it+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)+真正賓語(yǔ)。除動(dòng)詞不定式以外,that 引導(dǎo)的從句也常作真正賓語(yǔ)。這時(shí),句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞往往是find, think, make, believe等。例如:
Do you think it right to play tricks on others?你覺(jué)得開(kāi)別人的玩笑好嗎?
He thought it best to say nothing.他覺(jué)得最好是什么也不說(shuō)。
I make it a rule that I should spend at least two hours learning English every day。每天至少花兩小時(shí)學(xué)英語(yǔ)是我的規(guī)律。
get to sleep 是\"入睡\"的意思。動(dòng)詞get有\(zhòng)"漸漸\"的含義。例如:
We got to know each other later.后來(lái)我們逐漸相互了解了。
When winter comes,the nights are getting longer and the days are getting shorter.冬天來(lái)臨,夜晚變長(zhǎng),白天變短。
4.With a smile the man from downstairs said,\"I′m sorry to trouble you, comrade.\"樓下的人微笑著說(shuō):\"對(duì)不起,同志,打擾一下。\"
句中with a smile是介詞短語(yǔ),在句子里用作狀語(yǔ),表明樓下的人說(shuō)話時(shí)的伴隨狀態(tài)。介詞短語(yǔ)用作狀語(yǔ)的情況很多,再如:
Thank you for teaching us so well.謝謝您把我們教得這樣好。
Classes begin at eight.八點(diǎn)開(kāi)始上課。
5.He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他剛睡著,就有人大聲敲門(mén)。
fall asleep是\"睡著\"的意思。asleep是形容詞,接在連系動(dòng)詞fall之后。句中when等于and then,意思是:那時(shí)。再如:He was walking in the park when he saw a watch on the ground.他正在公園里行走,看見(jiàn)地上有一塊手表。
第十五課 Lesson Fifteen
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容
1.詞匯(略)
2.語(yǔ)法:繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
二、 教具
錄音機(jī)。
三、 課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1.復(fù)習(xí) 值日生報(bào)告。檢查學(xué)生復(fù)述課文。
2.打開(kāi)書(shū),學(xué)生兩人一組,就課文第1部分內(nèi)容,進(jìn)行對(duì)話練習(xí)。請(qǐng)幾組同學(xué)表演對(duì)話,并將對(duì)話形式擴(kuò)展如下:
S1:What were you doing last night?
S2: I was watching TV.
S1:(面向全班)What was he/she doing alst night?
S2:He/She was watching TV.
教師也可采用以下形式:
Chain practice(連鎖式練習(xí))由學(xué)生甲向?qū)W生乙提問(wèn),乙回答后,再向?qū)W生丙提問(wèn)。后面的學(xué)生在回答問(wèn)題時(shí),不能重復(fù)已答過(guò)的內(nèi)容。例如:
S1:What were you doing at five yesterday afternoon?
S2: I was playing basketball. What were you doing at five yesterday afternoon?
S3: I was cleaning the classroom. What about you?
Pair work(結(jié)對(duì)活動(dòng))教師設(shè)定一個(gè)題目:What were your family members doing at 7:30 yesterday evening?
學(xué)生兩人一組,相互問(wèn)答,然后由其中一人向班報(bào)告他(她)所獲得的信息。例如:
At 7:30 yesterday evening Li Ming′s father was reading a newspaper;his mother was washing clothes; his grandma was watching TV and Li Ming was doing his homework.
3.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生看課文第2部分的提示。要求學(xué)生用書(shū)面形式完成課本上的要求。請(qǐng)兩位同學(xué)到黑板上書(shū)寫(xiě)自己的答案。
4.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做練習(xí)冊(cè)習(xí)題,如果時(shí)間允許,當(dāng)堂訂正部分習(xí)題答案。
5.布置作業(yè)
1)書(shū)面完成課文第2部分要求;2)書(shū)面完成練習(xí)冊(cè)習(xí)題;3)繼續(xù)準(zhǔn)備復(fù)述14課課文。
四、 難點(diǎn)講解
at noon 在中午
一般說(shuō)來(lái),表示\"在某一時(shí)刻\",用at。例如:He got up at 7:30.他七點(diǎn)半起床。
這種用法也包括\"在拂曉\"at daybreak;\"在中午\"at noon;\"在傍晚\"at sunset;
\"在吃飯時(shí)間\"at dinner-time等。表示\"在夜晚\",用at night。
表示\"在某一天\",使用介詞on。例如:
1)He often takes a walk in the park on Sundays.星期天他經(jīng)常到公園去散步。
2)She was born on December 23,1981.她出生于1981年12月23日。
表示一段時(shí)間,使用介詞in。例如:
in the morning 在上午 in the afternoon 在下午in the evening 在晚上
in the week/month/season/year,etc.在本周、本月、本季度、本年等。
如果要具體說(shuō)明哪天的某段時(shí)間用on。例如:
They held the sports meeting on the afternoon of June 15.他們?cè)?月15日下午舉行了運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
We′ll have a party on Saturday night.我們將在周六晚上舉行一次晚會(huì)。
第十六課 Lesson Sixteen
一、 教學(xué)內(nèi)容
1.聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練(見(jiàn)練習(xí)冊(cè))
2.語(yǔ)法:繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
二、 教具
錄音機(jī)。
三、 課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
1.復(fù)習(xí) 值日生報(bào)告。教師繼續(xù)檢查第14課課文復(fù)述;重復(fù)第14課(Ⅱ)課堂教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)1,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生復(fù)述課文能力。
2.打開(kāi)練習(xí)冊(cè),做聽(tīng)力練習(xí)。給學(xué)生一分鐘時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備。聽(tīng)錄音三遍,當(dāng)堂核對(duì)答案。
3.組織學(xué)生兩人一組,就課文第2部分內(nèi)容扮演警察與平民的對(duì)話?芍貜(fù)上一課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)2的練習(xí)形式。
4.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生過(guò)一遍復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)。要求學(xué)生自己對(duì)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)在本單元 的用法及結(jié)構(gòu)做一小結(jié)。教師予以必要的補(bǔ)充和修正。
5.指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做練習(xí)冊(cè)其他習(xí)題,并訂正答案。
6.布置作業(yè)
1)繼續(xù)練習(xí)復(fù)述課文;2)書(shū)面完成練習(xí)冊(cè)其他習(xí)題。
四、 難點(diǎn)講解
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法。
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成是助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去形式was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。其基本用法如下:
1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如:
What were you doing at ten last night?昨天晚上10點(diǎn)你在干什么?
When I got up this morning, it was raining.今天早上起來(lái)時(shí),天正在下雨。
2)表示過(guò)去某階段進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如:
At that time he was working in Shanghai.那時(shí)他正在上海工作。
During World War Ⅱ,he was working as a doctor in the army.第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間,他正在軍隊(duì)當(dāng)醫(yī)生。
注:對(duì)于教師或課本上提出的一般疑問(wèn)句,可指導(dǎo)學(xué)生做以下處理:如果其答案是肯定的,將疑問(wèn)句改為肯定式,即可用在復(fù)述中;如果其答案是否定的,則將疑問(wèn)句改為否定式,也可以用。
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