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初二下學(xué)期 Unit 20 Mainly revision
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
知識(shí)技能目標(biāo)
1．掌握本單元的詞匯、日常用語(yǔ)和重要句型的運(yùn)用。
2．復(fù)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型，掌握不定代詞的用法。
3．掌握英語(yǔ)日記的格式。
詞語(yǔ)
yet, myself, cousin, engineer, cancer, care, take care of, sad, death, page, palace, the Summer Palace, herself, turn on, while, after a while, turn off, not…any more, make faces, whole, wonderful, have a cold, once, himself, tooth, kill
句型及日常交際用語(yǔ)
1. Did you have a nice weekend?
2. Sorry to hear that.
3. Did you have to do the cooking?
4. I can't leave her by herself.
5. They’ll be very happy to see you again.
6. I'm sure you'll have a wonderful time.
7.1 hope so.
語(yǔ)法
復(fù)習(xí)Unitl5~Unitl9 語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目
情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)
第78課是本單元的主課文，它敘述了一個(gè)男學(xué)生幫助一位阿姨帶一個(gè)襁褓中嬰兒的故事。這看起來(lái)是一件非常平凡的小事，但卻閃爍著那個(gè)男學(xué)生不怕麻煩，關(guān)心他人的高尚的思想品質(zhì)的光輝。同學(xué)們應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。在別人需要得到幫助的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該毫不猶豫地伸出自己的援助之手。只有這樣才能使整個(gè)社會(huì)變成一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)著相互關(guān)愛(ài)的大家庭。
教學(xué)建議
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
本單元是復(fù)習(xí)單元，內(nèi)容豐富，練習(xí)形式多樣。要復(fù)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)也較多。老師必須有計(jì)劃、有重點(diǎn)的對(duì)學(xué)生加以組織和引導(dǎo)。
第77課中的第一部分有兩段對(duì)話(huà)。第一段對(duì)話(huà)主要復(fù)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can并引出反身代詞，為下一單元專(zhuān)門(mén)學(xué)習(xí)反身代詞作鋪墊。第二段對(duì)話(huà)主要復(fù)習(xí)看病就醫(yī)的一些表達(dá)法及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to。第二部分主要是加強(qiáng)對(duì)造句的訓(xùn)練，同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)make + 賓語(yǔ) + 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
第78課是一篇學(xué)生的日記，是本單元的主要課文，內(nèi)容很豐富，老師可組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀，并告訴學(xué)生寫(xiě)日記的基本格式以及讓學(xué)生自己去體會(huì)寫(xiě)日記所用的時(shí)態(tài)。
第79課的第四部分是讓學(xué)生討論他們的“五一假日”計(jì)劃，這是對(duì)第一部分對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容的消化和具體運(yùn)用。第二、三部分的教學(xué)內(nèi)容都是對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加以復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固。
第80課的第一部分是復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型；第三部分是詞匯訓(xùn)練；第四部分是用不定代詞填空；最后由一篇閱讀課文收尾。這是一個(gè)寓言故事，情節(jié)生動(dòng)有趣，有一定的教育意義。
綜上所述，本單元活動(dòng)形式變換較多，聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)及詞匯、語(yǔ)法練習(xí)皆有，為教師展開(kāi)豐富多彩的課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。
重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容分析
本單元為復(fù)習(xí)單元，我們除了要復(fù)習(xí)以前所學(xué)知識(shí)外，還要掌握本單元的詞匯、用語(yǔ)等。Lesson 78的日記，我們要掌握它的書(shū)寫(xiě)格式和常用的時(shí)態(tài)。同時(shí)，它為我們本單元的寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練提供了范例。Lesson 79主要練習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。Lesson 80的簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型，我們要求進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)，特別是“主系表”和“主謂賓賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，要能夠識(shí)別系動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。同時(shí)，要進(jìn)一步掌握不定代詞(somebody, anybody, nobody etc.)的用法。
閱讀課文分析
本單元中第一篇課文是一篇日記，敘述一個(gè)男孩幫助別人去照看一個(gè)嬰兒的事情，學(xué)習(xí)本文后要掌握英語(yǔ)日記的格式，并養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)記日記的好習(xí)慣。而且能夠?qū)W到樂(lè)于助人的良好思想品德。第二篇課文是一個(gè)童話(huà)故事《The tiger and the monkey》。通過(guò)此故事，可以啟發(fā)我們?cè)趶?qiáng)大的對(duì)手面前要發(fā)揮自己的聰明才智，想辦法，不蠻干，隨機(jī)應(yīng)變?nèi)?zhàn)勝對(duì)手。
重難點(diǎn)及疑點(diǎn)分析
重難點(diǎn)：
1．turn on/ off的意思是“打開(kāi)/關(guān)上（水、電、煤氣等）”，on/ off是副詞。如賓語(yǔ)是代詞則必須放在中間。例如：
The light is on. Please turn it off when you leave．
2．take care of的意思是“照料、照顧”，它的同義詞組是look after。如要表示“把……照料（顧）好”，則用take good care of…，相當(dāng)于look after …well。如：My grandfather is ill in hospital. We must take good care of him. (look after him well)
3. He told me not to bring you anything.
該句型“tell/ ask sb．not to do sth．”的意思“是叫/請(qǐng)某人不要做某事”。如果要表示“叫/請(qǐng)某人去做某事”，則用tell/ ask sb. to do sth。
My mother often tells me not to play in the street. Because it’s dangerous.
Li Ming asked me to help him with his studies. I tried my best to answer all his questions.
4. I hope so．
句子的so是用來(lái)代替上文所說(shuō)的話(huà)，以避免重復(fù)。
5. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder.
句中的harder and harder是英語(yǔ)中一種“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“越來(lái)越……”的意思。如果形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)是由more + 形/副詞原級(jí)構(gòu)成的話(huà)，則應(yīng)用more and more + 形/副詞原級(jí)。如：
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. We all like it.
疑點(diǎn)：
1. Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat．
該句中的“make sb．do sth．”是“命令/迫使某人做某事”的意思，是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但不定式符號(hào)to必須省略。
2．There is!
這是一句倒裝句，是半倒裝。如果主語(yǔ)是名詞則用全倒裝。例如：
There comes the bus. We must go on the bus.
There goes the bell. Let’s go into the classroom.
詞匯教學(xué)
開(kāi)學(xué)以來(lái)，學(xué)生接觸到的新單詞大約有220個(gè)。平均每單元的詞匯量在37個(gè)左右。如何有效地幫助學(xué)生記憶和運(yùn)用所學(xué)的單詞，是提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)效果的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。教材第80課第三部分介紹了運(yùn)用字謎記憶單詞的有趣方法。給學(xué)生一個(gè)規(guī)定的時(shí)間，看誰(shuí)找的單詞多。除此以外，教師還可以用一些別的方法幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)單詞。
1．延伸（包括詞性和組成短語(yǔ)）如：
care→careful→carefully→take care→take care of→lake good care of
cross→crossed→crossing→across→cross a bridge
take→taking→took→take sth. away→take sth. with sb. →take a seat
wait→waiting→waited→wait for→waiting room
2．快速反應(yīng)（根據(jù)老師的要求，讓學(xué)生搶答）如：
laugh laughed cry laugh at
stand stood standing sit stand in line (in a queue)
3．接龍游戲
教師先說(shuō)一個(gè)單詞，然后由學(xué)生接著傳下去說(shuō)，所說(shuō)單詞的第一個(gè)字母必須是上一個(gè)單詞的最后一個(gè)字母。如：
garden→nice→empty→yourself→farm→must→tired…
老師可以預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備一些小禮物，如橡皮、小刀、鉛筆等。對(duì)優(yōu)勝者給予一點(diǎn)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，提高他們的積極性。這種方法既能幫助他們記憶單詞，又能訓(xùn)練他們快捷思維能力。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教學(xué)
前幾個(gè)單元學(xué)生分別學(xué)習(xí)了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must, mustn't, have to, need。在本單元第79課第二部分列為專(zhuān)項(xiàng)對(duì)上述情態(tài)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。教師不必只枯燥無(wú)味地講解其含義和語(yǔ)法功能，而應(yīng)該把他們放在鮮活、生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中去運(yùn)用、體會(huì)。結(jié)合練習(xí)冊(cè)第79課練習(xí)2，教師可以適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充一些練習(xí)，幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。如：
根據(jù)句意選擇適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞，用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?/p>
(can, may, must, have to, need)
1. ______we do eye exercises every day? Yes, we must.
2. ____you read the text in English? Yes, I can.
3. Li Ming ______reach the blackboard, when she was four years old. She was only 1.05 meter tall. She was too short to reach it.
4. _____ I use your new bike? No, you mustn't.
5. They got up too late. They ______ go to work by bus.
6. He ______stay here. He may go now.
7. The light is on my mother ______be home.
8. Could you wait for a while? No, I ______.
9. The apples are too high. He _____reach them.
10. Lucy's mother is ill in hospital. She ______ look after her.
keys: 1.Must 2.Can 3.couldn't 4.May 5.had to 6.needn't 7.must 8.can't 9.can't 10.has to
教學(xué)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型
在第15單元中學(xué)生已學(xué)過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型。學(xué)生如能識(shí)別簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型，以后學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)合句、并列句等結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子就不會(huì)感到太困難。本單元第80課的第一部分列出專(zhuān)項(xiàng)作為復(fù)習(xí)內(nèi)容。教師在復(fù)習(xí)中不必過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句子成份和結(jié)構(gòu)分析，而應(yīng)把注意力放在理解句子的意義上。
教師可從本單元現(xiàn)成的對(duì)話(huà)和課文中挑出一些句子，讓學(xué)生“對(duì)號(hào)入座”，增加學(xué)生英語(yǔ)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)意識(shí)，以便更進(jìn)一步理解英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)與意義之間的關(guān)系。如：
1. My parents are coming. ( S+V)
2. Can you teach yourself? (S+V+O)
3. At first she was asleep. (S+V+P)
4. I told him the whole story. (S+ V + InO + DO)
5. He made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat. (S+V+O+C)
閱讀訓(xùn)練
本單元安排了兩篇閱讀課文。第78課的閱讀課文是一篇日記。單詞和短語(yǔ)都比較多，給學(xué)生閱讀帶來(lái)一定的困難。老師是否考慮先教單詞，在教單詞的過(guò)程中帶出一些詞組。如講herself時(shí)帶出leave her by herself這個(gè)短語(yǔ)；講turn時(shí)帶出turn on（off）the radio這個(gè)短語(yǔ)；講whole時(shí)帶出the whole story這個(gè)短語(yǔ)等。然后讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音，在學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)教師把一些估計(jì)學(xué)生理解有一定困難的短語(yǔ)寫(xiě)在黑板上，作一些必要的解釋。在學(xué)生完成第一遍閱讀以后，教師可問(wèn)一些簡(jiǎn)單的一般疑問(wèn)句，讓學(xué)生用“Yes”or“No”來(lái)回答。完了以后再讓學(xué)生快速讀一遍。接著要學(xué)生回答練習(xí)冊(cè)第78課練習(xí)1中的問(wèn)題。最后讓學(xué)生跟著錄音磁帶進(jìn)行有表情地朗讀。教師可簡(jiǎn)單交待一下用英文寫(xiě)日記的格式。（日期、時(shí)態(tài)、開(kāi)頭第一行要頂格寫(xiě)。）
第80課安排了一個(gè)寓言故事，情節(jié)生動(dòng)有趣，引人入勝，適合動(dòng)中學(xué)生好奇心強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。學(xué)生一定非常感興趣。在閱讀前教師可向?qū)W生提出兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。1. Why did the monkey laugh in the end? 2.What will you learn after you read the fable? 閱讀后再讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音，模仿它的語(yǔ)調(diào)的節(jié)奏感和自然感。最后可讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行表演。表演時(shí)要求他們表現(xiàn)出老虎的兇狠和愚蠢及猴子的勇敢和機(jī)智。
寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練
第78課是關(guān)于學(xué)生的一篇日記，也是本單元的主課文。老師首先使學(xué)生熟知用英文寫(xiě)日記的格式，同時(shí)指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)绾芜x好寫(xiě)日記的內(nèi)容。然后布置學(xué)生回家寫(xiě)一篇簡(jiǎn)單的日記。在下一節(jié)課上老師可有意識(shí)的請(qǐng)幾個(gè)學(xué)生在全班朗讀自己的日記內(nèi)容。最后由老師歸納總結(jié)，從而進(jìn)一步提高學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記的能力。
學(xué)法建議
1．本單元是總復(fù)習(xí)單元。到目前為止同學(xué)們已學(xué)習(xí)了近220個(gè)單詞，80多個(gè)短語(yǔ)。正確掌握所學(xué)單詞和短語(yǔ)對(duì)今后進(jìn)一步學(xué)好英語(yǔ)關(guān)系重大。同學(xué)們必須在老師的指導(dǎo)下根據(jù)各自的實(shí)際情況認(rèn)真整理、分析、歸納、采取合理的科學(xué)方法加以記憶。
2．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是本單元學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)，比較難掌握。同學(xué)們不能只記憶他們的用法，應(yīng)該通過(guò)一定量的口頭和書(shū)面練習(xí)，在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中加以體會(huì)、理解，達(dá)到掌握的目的。
詞語(yǔ)辨析
1. all, whole
兩者用作形容詞時(shí)，都有“整個(gè)的、全部的、所有的”的意思，區(qū)別在于：①all既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞；whole只修飾可數(shù)名詞，不修飾不可數(shù)名詞。②all與定冠詞、物主代詞和指示代詞連用時(shí)，常置于這些詞之前，而whole與定冠詞、物主代詞和指示代詞連用時(shí)，常置于這些詞之后。例如：
①The man drank the whole tea. (×)
The man drank all the tea. (√)
②I told him whole the story / the all story. (×)
I told him the whole story/ all the story. (√)
2. forget, leave
二者均可表示“遺留”，但有區(qū)別：
forget后跟事物，指“遺忘了具體的東西”，leave后需跟表示地點(diǎn)的詞，指“遺記某物在某地”。如：
I forget my key, so I couldn’t ride the bike. 我忘了帶鑰匙，因此我不能騎自行車(chē)。
Today I left my English book at home. Can you lend one to me.
強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1. all, whole
(1) The ________ city was flooded. But nobody died.
(2) _________ the students went to school early. No one is late.
2. forget, leave
(1) Tom ________ his purse at school yesterday. There’s no money with him.
(2) I _________ my homework yesterday. Now I had to do it.
Keys: 1. (1) whole (2) All 2. (1) left (2) forgot
疑難解析
1. My parents bought a computer for me. 父母我買(mǎi)了臺(tái)電腦。
buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 意為“給某人買(mǎi)某物”。如：His father bought a new bike for him yesterday. = His father bought him a new bike yesterday.
除buy外，可以接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有build, cook, draw, make, sing等。如：He sang us a song. = He sang a song for us. He’s a good singer. He always sings for us at parties.
2. But I don’t know how to use it yet. 但我還不知道該怎么用它。
“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)（如①）、表語(yǔ)（如②）及賓語(yǔ)（如③）等。例如：
①Where to go tomorrow is still a question. Do you have any idea?
②–My question is what to do next.
–Do the first thing first. Then I’ll tell you what to do next.
③I don’t know how to drive a car. I want to learn to drive.
3. What makes you happy? 什么使你感到快樂(lè)?
�。�1）疑問(wèn)代詞what，who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，因此句中的makes不能改為make。如：
–Who has a computer?
–Everybody has.
Who is cleaning the classroom? Some girls. 誰(shuí)在打掃教室?幾個(gè)女孩。
（2）make后跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，形容詞happy在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，對(duì)賓語(yǔ)you起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。但make后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)應(yīng)為名詞、形容詞或不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。如：
They made him their head. Because he’s good at leading others in their work.
He never makes his brother do heavy work. He himself always do it instead.
You must keep your hands clean. Or it’s bad for your health.
4. At first she was asleep. 起初她睡著了。
①at first“起先，開(kāi)始的時(shí)候”，其同義詞組是at the beginning of，反義詞組是at last“最后，終于”。如：
A first I didn’t know the way to the lake. But I know it. A woman showed me the way.
At first I wanted to find my lost pen. But I didn’t find it.
開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，我想找到丟失的鋼筆，但最終沒(méi)有找到。
②asleep是表語(yǔ)性形容詞，在句中只作表語(yǔ)，表示“睡著”的狀態(tài)，它的反義詞是awake。be asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)“睡著”的狀態(tài)，go to sleep則強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡”的動(dòng)作過(guò)程。如：
She was too happy to be asleep. So she asked me to talk with her.
After he went for a walk, he went to sleep. 散步之后他睡了。
5. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder. 但她看了看我，哭得越來(lái)越厲害了。
harder and harder越來(lái)越厲害
比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)表示“越來(lái)越……”。如：
In spring the weather gets warmer and warmer. More and more people are getting ready for a long walk in the country.
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger. Our life is getting better and better.
注：如果是多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，我們用“more and more +多音節(jié)形容詞/副詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示“越來(lái)越……”。如：
It's becoming more and more difficult to find a job. More and more people are out of work.
Beijing is getting more and more beautiful. We are proud of it.
English is very important. More and more people are beginning to learn English.
6. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful time.
句中be sure的意思是“相信”，與believe同義。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：
1）make sure確信、查明
Make sure you have the money. Or you’ll be back with nothing.
2）be sure of (about)對(duì)……有把握
–Are you sure of this exam?
– Yes, I think I’ll get 100 marks.
另外，句中的have a wonderful time表示“玩得高興、過(guò)得愉快”，其中的wonderful可以用good, nice, happy, great代替。
7. He told me not to bring you anything. 他讓我不要帶給你東西吃。
tell sb. to do sth.告訴某人做某事，tell sb. not to do sth.告訴某人不要做某事。這樣的詞組還有ask sb. to do sth., ask sb. not to do sth.。例：
The teacher told us not to play football in the classroom.老師告訴我們不要在教室里踢足球。
8. With these words the tiger jumped into the river. 說(shuō)完這些話(huà)，老虎跳進(jìn)了河里。
with these words是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨，說(shuō)明說(shuō)話(huà)的動(dòng)作與jumped的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：
With these words she left home. 說(shuō)著這些話(huà)，她離開(kāi)了家。
With these words he cried again. 說(shuō)著這些話(huà)，他又哭了起來(lái)。
jump into的意思是“跳進(jìn)……里面”，如：
The chicken jumped into the box. It ate up the rice.
all be oneself的用法分析
all be oneself意為“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)立”，在英語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用十分廣泛，你可一定要學(xué)會(huì)“獨(dú)立”喲！
①all by oneself“單獨(dú)”使用時(shí)，可與alone互換。如：
We’re here all be ourselves. There’s nothing. 也可說(shuō)：We’re here alone.
②all可省去，意思不改變。如：
You should do your homework by yourself. Don’t want anyone to help you.
③by oneself可與leave, learn等詞搭配。
leave sb. by oneself意為“把某人單獨(dú)留下”，注意此時(shí)oneself應(yīng)與leave后面賓語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致。如：
She can’t leave her son by himself. He will be afraid and cry.
learn sb. by oneself意為自學(xué)，相當(dāng)于teach oneself sth. 如：
–I learn English by myself. 也可說(shuō)：I teach myself English.
–You’re great!
你學(xué)會(huì)“獨(dú)立”了嗎？那么請(qǐng)做下面的“獨(dú)立”闖關(guān)題：
1. No, thanks. We can do this kind of work by_________.
A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves
2. The problem is easy, you can do it by_________.
A. your B. you C. yourself D. yours
3. Don’t leave him by________. He will feel afraid.
A. him B. his C. yourself D. himself
4. —She’s too busy to help us finish the work.
—Let’s do it_________.
A. herself B. myself C. ourselves D. itself
5. The boys did the work_________. Nobody helped him.
A. all by themself B. all by themselves
C. by all themself D. by all themselves
Keys: 1—5 DCDCB
教學(xué)目標(biāo)
知識(shí)技能目標(biāo)
1．掌握本單元的詞匯、日常用語(yǔ)和重要句型的運(yùn)用。
2．復(fù)習(xí)簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型，掌握不定代詞的用法。
3．掌握英語(yǔ)日記的格式。
詞語(yǔ)
yet, myself, cousin, engineer, cancer, care, take care of, sad, death, page, palace, the Summer Palace, herself, turn on, while, after a while, turn off, not…any more, make faces, whole, wonderful, have a cold, once, himself, tooth, kill
句型及日常交際用語(yǔ)
1. Did you have a nice weekend?
2. Sorry to hear that.
3. Did you have to do the cooking?
4. I can't leave her by herself.
5. They’ll be very happy to see you again.
6. I'm sure you'll have a wonderful time.
7.1 hope so.
語(yǔ)法
復(fù)習(xí)Unitl5~Unitl9 語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目
情感態(tài)度目標(biāo)
第78課是本單元的主課文，它敘述了一個(gè)男學(xué)生幫助一位阿姨帶一個(gè)襁褓中嬰兒的故事。這看起來(lái)是一件非常平凡的小事，但卻閃爍著那個(gè)男學(xué)生不怕麻煩，關(guān)心他人的高尚的思想品質(zhì)的光輝。同學(xué)們應(yīng)該向他學(xué)習(xí)。在別人需要得到幫助的時(shí)候，應(yīng)該毫不猶豫地伸出自己的援助之手。只有這樣才能使整個(gè)社會(huì)變成一個(gè)充滿(mǎn)著相互關(guān)愛(ài)的大家庭。
教學(xué)建議
教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
本單元是復(fù)習(xí)單元，內(nèi)容豐富，練習(xí)形式多樣。要復(fù)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)也較多。老師必須有計(jì)劃、有重點(diǎn)的對(duì)學(xué)生加以組織和引導(dǎo)。
第77課中的第一部分有兩段對(duì)話(huà)。第一段對(duì)話(huà)主要復(fù)習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can并引出反身代詞，為下一單元專(zhuān)門(mén)學(xué)習(xí)反身代詞作鋪墊。第二段對(duì)話(huà)主要復(fù)習(xí)看病就醫(yī)的一些表達(dá)法及情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have to。第二部分主要是加強(qiáng)對(duì)造句的訓(xùn)練，同時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)make + 賓語(yǔ) + 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
第78課是一篇學(xué)生的日記，是本單元的主要課文，內(nèi)容很豐富，老師可組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行閱讀，并告訴學(xué)生寫(xiě)日記的基本格式以及讓學(xué)生自己去體會(huì)寫(xiě)日記所用的時(shí)態(tài)。
第79課的第四部分是讓學(xué)生討論他們的“五一假日”計(jì)劃，這是對(duì)第一部分對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容的消化和具體運(yùn)用。第二、三部分的教學(xué)內(nèi)容都是對(duì)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加以復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固。
第80課的第一部分是復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型；第三部分是詞匯訓(xùn)練；第四部分是用不定代詞填空；最后由一篇閱讀課文收尾。這是一個(gè)寓言故事，情節(jié)生動(dòng)有趣，有一定的教育意義。
綜上所述，本單元活動(dòng)形式變換較多，聽(tīng)、說(shuō)、讀、寫(xiě)及詞匯、語(yǔ)法練習(xí)皆有，為教師展開(kāi)豐富多彩的課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)創(chuàng)造了良好的條件。
重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容分析
本單元為復(fù)習(xí)單元，我們除了要復(fù)習(xí)以前所學(xué)知識(shí)外，還要掌握本單元的詞匯、用語(yǔ)等。Lesson 78的日記，我們要掌握它的書(shū)寫(xiě)格式和常用的時(shí)態(tài)。同時(shí)，它為我們本單元的寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練提供了范例。Lesson 79主要練習(xí)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。Lesson 80的簡(jiǎn)單句基本句型，我們要求進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)，特別是“主系表”和“主謂賓賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，要能夠識(shí)別系動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。同時(shí)，要進(jìn)一步掌握不定代詞(somebody, anybody, nobody etc.)的用法。
閱讀課文分析
本單元中第一篇課文是一篇日記，敘述一個(gè)男孩幫助別人去照看一個(gè)嬰兒的事情，學(xué)習(xí)本文后要掌握英語(yǔ)日記的格式，并養(yǎng)成用英語(yǔ)記日記的好習(xí)慣。而且能夠?qū)W到樂(lè)于助人的良好思想品德。第二篇課文是一個(gè)童話(huà)故事《The tiger and the monkey》。通過(guò)此故事，可以啟發(fā)我們?cè)趶?qiáng)大的對(duì)手面前要發(fā)揮自己的聰明才智，想辦法，不蠻干，隨機(jī)應(yīng)變?nèi)?zhàn)勝對(duì)手。
重難點(diǎn)及疑點(diǎn)分析
重難點(diǎn)：
1．turn on/ off的意思是“打開(kāi)/關(guān)上（水、電、煤氣等）”，on/ off是副詞。如賓語(yǔ)是代詞則必須放在中間。例如：
The light is on. Please turn it off when you leave．
2．take care of的意思是“照料、照顧”，它的同義詞組是look after。如要表示“把……照料（顧）好”，則用take good care of…，相當(dāng)于look after …well。如：My grandfather is ill in hospital. We must take good care of him. (look after him well)
3. He told me not to bring you anything.
該句型“tell/ ask sb．not to do sth．”的意思“是叫/請(qǐng)某人不要做某事”。如果要表示“叫/請(qǐng)某人去做某事”，則用tell/ ask sb. to do sth。
My mother often tells me not to play in the street. Because it’s dangerous.
Li Ming asked me to help him with his studies. I tried my best to answer all his questions.
4. I hope so．
句子的so是用來(lái)代替上文所說(shuō)的話(huà)，以避免重復(fù)。
5. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder.
句中的harder and harder是英語(yǔ)中一種“比較級(jí) + and + 比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“越來(lái)越……”的意思。如果形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)是由more + 形/副詞原級(jí)構(gòu)成的話(huà)，則應(yīng)用more and more + 形/副詞原級(jí)。如：
Our school is becoming more and more beautiful. We all like it.
疑點(diǎn)：
1. Every day he made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat．
該句中的“make sb．do sth．”是“命令/迫使某人做某事”的意思，是動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但不定式符號(hào)to必須省略。
2．There is!
這是一句倒裝句，是半倒裝。如果主語(yǔ)是名詞則用全倒裝。例如：
There comes the bus. We must go on the bus.
There goes the bell. Let’s go into the classroom.
詞匯教學(xué)
開(kāi)學(xué)以來(lái)，學(xué)生接觸到的新單詞大約有220個(gè)。平均每單元的詞匯量在37個(gè)左右。如何有效地幫助學(xué)生記憶和運(yùn)用所學(xué)的單詞，是提高學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)效果的一個(gè)重要環(huán)節(jié)。教材第80課第三部分介紹了運(yùn)用字謎記憶單詞的有趣方法。給學(xué)生一個(gè)規(guī)定的時(shí)間，看誰(shuí)找的單詞多。除此以外，教師還可以用一些別的方法幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)單詞。
1．延伸（包括詞性和組成短語(yǔ)）如：
care→careful→carefully→take care→take care of→lake good care of
cross→crossed→crossing→across→cross a bridge
take→taking→took→take sth. away→take sth. with sb. →take a seat
wait→waiting→waited→wait for→waiting room
2．快速反應(yīng)（根據(jù)老師的要求，讓學(xué)生搶答）如：
laugh laughed cry laugh at
stand stood standing sit stand in line (in a queue)
3．接龍游戲
教師先說(shuō)一個(gè)單詞，然后由學(xué)生接著傳下去說(shuō)，所說(shuō)單詞的第一個(gè)字母必須是上一個(gè)單詞的最后一個(gè)字母。如：
garden→nice→empty→yourself→farm→must→tired…
老師可以預(yù)先準(zhǔn)備一些小禮物，如橡皮、小刀、鉛筆等。對(duì)優(yōu)勝者給予一點(diǎn)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，提高他們的積極性。這種方法既能幫助他們記憶單詞，又能訓(xùn)練他們快捷思維能力。
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞教學(xué)
前幾個(gè)單元學(xué)生分別學(xué)習(xí)了情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, may, must, mustn't, have to, need。在本單元第79課第二部分列為專(zhuān)項(xiàng)對(duì)上述情態(tài)動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)。教師不必只枯燥無(wú)味地講解其含義和語(yǔ)法功能，而應(yīng)該把他們放在鮮活、生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中去運(yùn)用、體會(huì)。結(jié)合練習(xí)冊(cè)第79課練習(xí)2，教師可以適當(dāng)補(bǔ)充一些練習(xí)，幫助學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。如：
根據(jù)句意選擇適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞，用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁铡?/p>
(can, may, must, have to, need)
1. ______we do eye exercises every day? Yes, we must.
2. ____you read the text in English? Yes, I can.
3. Li Ming ______reach the blackboard, when she was four years old. She was only 1.05 meter tall. She was too short to reach it.
4. _____ I use your new bike? No, you mustn't.
5. They got up too late. They ______ go to work by bus.
6. He ______stay here. He may go now.
7. The light is on my mother ______be home.
8. Could you wait for a while? No, I ______.
9. The apples are too high. He _____reach them.
10. Lucy's mother is ill in hospital. She ______ look after her.
keys: 1.Must 2.Can 3.couldn't 4.May 5.had to 6.needn't 7.must 8.can't 9.can't 10.has to
教學(xué)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型
在第15單元中學(xué)生已學(xué)過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型。學(xué)生如能識(shí)別簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型，以后學(xué)習(xí)復(fù)合句、并列句等結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的句子就不會(huì)感到太困難。本單元第80課的第一部分列出專(zhuān)項(xiàng)作為復(fù)習(xí)內(nèi)容。教師在復(fù)習(xí)中不必過(guò)分強(qiáng)調(diào)句子成份和結(jié)構(gòu)分析，而應(yīng)把注意力放在理解句子的意義上。
教師可從本單元現(xiàn)成的對(duì)話(huà)和課文中挑出一些句子，讓學(xué)生“對(duì)號(hào)入座”，增加學(xué)生英語(yǔ)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)意識(shí)，以便更進(jìn)一步理解英語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)與意義之間的關(guān)系。如：
1. My parents are coming. ( S+V)
2. Can you teach yourself? (S+V+O)
3. At first she was asleep. (S+V+P)
4. I told him the whole story. (S+ V + InO + DO)
5. He made one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat. (S+V+O+C)
閱讀訓(xùn)練
本單元安排了兩篇閱讀課文。第78課的閱讀課文是一篇日記。單詞和短語(yǔ)都比較多，給學(xué)生閱讀帶來(lái)一定的困難。老師是否考慮先教單詞，在教單詞的過(guò)程中帶出一些詞組。如講herself時(shí)帶出leave her by herself這個(gè)短語(yǔ)；講turn時(shí)帶出turn on（off）the radio這個(gè)短語(yǔ)；講whole時(shí)帶出the whole story這個(gè)短語(yǔ)等。然后讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音，在學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音時(shí)教師把一些估計(jì)學(xué)生理解有一定困難的短語(yǔ)寫(xiě)在黑板上，作一些必要的解釋。在學(xué)生完成第一遍閱讀以后，教師可問(wèn)一些簡(jiǎn)單的一般疑問(wèn)句，讓學(xué)生用“Yes”or“No”來(lái)回答。完了以后再讓學(xué)生快速讀一遍。接著要學(xué)生回答練習(xí)冊(cè)第78課練習(xí)1中的問(wèn)題。最后讓學(xué)生跟著錄音磁帶進(jìn)行有表情地朗讀。教師可簡(jiǎn)單交待一下用英文寫(xiě)日記的格式。（日期、時(shí)態(tài)、開(kāi)頭第一行要頂格寫(xiě)。）
第80課安排了一個(gè)寓言故事，情節(jié)生動(dòng)有趣，引人入勝，適合動(dòng)中學(xué)生好奇心強(qiáng)的特點(diǎn)。學(xué)生一定非常感興趣。在閱讀前教師可向?qū)W生提出兩個(gè)問(wèn)題。1. Why did the monkey laugh in the end? 2.What will you learn after you read the fable? 閱讀后再讓學(xué)生聽(tīng)錄音，模仿它的語(yǔ)調(diào)的節(jié)奏感和自然感。最后可讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行表演。表演時(shí)要求他們表現(xiàn)出老虎的兇狠和愚蠢及猴子的勇敢和機(jī)智。
寫(xiě)作訓(xùn)練
第78課是關(guān)于學(xué)生的一篇日記，也是本單元的主課文。老師首先使學(xué)生熟知用英文寫(xiě)日記的格式，同時(shí)指導(dǎo)他們?nèi)绾芜x好寫(xiě)日記的內(nèi)容。然后布置學(xué)生回家寫(xiě)一篇簡(jiǎn)單的日記。在下一節(jié)課上老師可有意識(shí)的請(qǐng)幾個(gè)學(xué)生在全班朗讀自己的日記內(nèi)容。最后由老師歸納總結(jié)，從而進(jìn)一步提高學(xué)生用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)日記的能力。
學(xué)法建議
1．本單元是總復(fù)習(xí)單元。到目前為止同學(xué)們已學(xué)習(xí)了近220個(gè)單詞，80多個(gè)短語(yǔ)。正確掌握所學(xué)單詞和短語(yǔ)對(duì)今后進(jìn)一步學(xué)好英語(yǔ)關(guān)系重大。同學(xué)們必須在老師的指導(dǎo)下根據(jù)各自的實(shí)際情況認(rèn)真整理、分析、歸納、采取合理的科學(xué)方法加以記憶。
2．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是本單元學(xué)習(xí)的語(yǔ)法重點(diǎn)，比較難掌握。同學(xué)們不能只記憶他們的用法，應(yīng)該通過(guò)一定量的口頭和書(shū)面練習(xí)，在具體的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中加以體會(huì)、理解，達(dá)到掌握的目的。
詞語(yǔ)辨析
1. all, whole
兩者用作形容詞時(shí)，都有“整個(gè)的、全部的、所有的”的意思，區(qū)別在于：①all既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞；whole只修飾可數(shù)名詞，不修飾不可數(shù)名詞。②all與定冠詞、物主代詞和指示代詞連用時(shí)，常置于這些詞之前，而whole與定冠詞、物主代詞和指示代詞連用時(shí)，常置于這些詞之后。例如：
①The man drank the whole tea. (×)
The man drank all the tea. (√)
②I told him whole the story / the all story. (×)
I told him the whole story/ all the story. (√)
2. forget, leave
二者均可表示“遺留”，但有區(qū)別：
forget后跟事物，指“遺忘了具體的東西”，leave后需跟表示地點(diǎn)的詞，指“遺記某物在某地”。如：
I forget my key, so I couldn’t ride the bike. 我忘了帶鑰匙，因此我不能騎自行車(chē)。
Today I left my English book at home. Can you lend one to me.
強(qiáng)化練習(xí)：選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空。
1. all, whole
(1) The ________ city was flooded. But nobody died.
(2) _________ the students went to school early. No one is late.
2. forget, leave
(1) Tom ________ his purse at school yesterday. There’s no money with him.
(2) I _________ my homework yesterday. Now I had to do it.
Keys: 1. (1) whole (2) All 2. (1) left (2) forgot
疑難解析
1. My parents bought a computer for me. 父母我買(mǎi)了臺(tái)電腦。
buy sth. for sb. = buy sb. sth. 意為“給某人買(mǎi)某物”。如：His father bought a new bike for him yesterday. = His father bought him a new bike yesterday.
除buy外，可以接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有build, cook, draw, make, sing等。如：He sang us a song. = He sang a song for us. He’s a good singer. He always sings for us at parties.
2. But I don’t know how to use it yet. 但我還不知道該怎么用它。
“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中可作主語(yǔ)（如①）、表語(yǔ)（如②）及賓語(yǔ)（如③）等。例如：
①Where to go tomorrow is still a question. Do you have any idea?
②–My question is what to do next.
–Do the first thing first. Then I’ll tell you what to do next.
�、跧 don’t know how to drive a car. I want to learn to drive.
3. What makes you happy? 什么使你感到快樂(lè)?
（1）疑問(wèn)代詞what，who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式，因此句中的makes不能改為make。如：
–Who has a computer?
–Everybody has.
Who is cleaning the classroom? Some girls. 誰(shuí)在打掃教室?幾個(gè)女孩。
�。�2）make后跟賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，形容詞happy在句中作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，對(duì)賓語(yǔ)you起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用。但make后的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)應(yīng)為名詞、形容詞或不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式。如：
They made him their head. Because he’s good at leading others in their work.
He never makes his brother do heavy work. He himself always do it instead.
You must keep your hands clean. Or it’s bad for your health.
4. At first she was asleep. 起初她睡著了。
①at first“起先，開(kāi)始的時(shí)候”，其同義詞組是at the beginning of，反義詞組是at last“最后，終于”。如：
A first I didn’t know the way to the lake. But I know it. A woman showed me the way.
At first I wanted to find my lost pen. But I didn’t find it.
開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，我想找到丟失的鋼筆，但最終沒(méi)有找到。
②asleep是表語(yǔ)性形容詞，在句中只作表語(yǔ)，表示“睡著”的狀態(tài)，它的反義詞是awake。be asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)“睡著”的狀態(tài)，go to sleep則強(qiáng)調(diào)“入睡”的動(dòng)作過(guò)程。如：
She was too happy to be asleep. So she asked me to talk with her.
After he went for a walk, he went to sleep. 散步之后他睡了。
5. But she looked at me and cried harder and harder. 但她看了看我，哭得越來(lái)越厲害了。
harder and harder越來(lái)越厲害
比較級(jí)+and +比較級(jí)表示“越來(lái)越……”。如：
In spring the weather gets warmer and warmer. More and more people are getting ready for a long walk in the country.
Our country is becoming stronger and stronger. Our life is getting better and better.
注：如果是多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，我們用“more and more +多音節(jié)形容詞/副詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示“越來(lái)越……”。如：
It's becoming more and more difficult to find a job. More and more people are out of work.
Beijing is getting more and more beautiful. We are proud of it.
English is very important. More and more people are beginning to learn English.
6. I’m sure you’ll have a wonderful time.
句中be sure的意思是“相信”，與believe同義。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：
1）make sure確信、查明
Make sure you have the money. Or you’ll be back with nothing.
2）be sure of (about)對(duì)……有把握
–Are you sure of this exam?
– Yes, I think I’ll get 100 marks.
另外，句中的have a wonderful time表示“玩得高興、過(guò)得愉快”，其中的wonderful可以用good, nice, happy, great代替。
7. He told me not to bring you anything. 他讓我不要帶給你東西吃。
tell sb. to do sth.告訴某人做某事，tell sb. not to do sth.告訴某人不要做某事。這樣的詞組還有ask sb. to do sth., ask sb. not to do sth.。例：
The teacher told us not to play football in the classroom.老師告訴我們不要在教室里踢足球。
8. With these words the tiger jumped into the river. 說(shuō)完這些話(huà)，老虎跳進(jìn)了河里。
with these words是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨，說(shuō)明說(shuō)話(huà)的動(dòng)作與jumped的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。如：
With these words she left home. 說(shuō)著這些話(huà)，她離開(kāi)了家。
With these words he cried again. 說(shuō)著這些話(huà)，他又哭了起來(lái)。
jump into的意思是“跳進(jìn)……里面”，如：
The chicken jumped into the box. It ate up the rice.
all be oneself的用法分析
all be oneself意為“單獨(dú)，獨(dú)立”，在英語(yǔ)中應(yīng)用十分廣泛，你可一定要學(xué)會(huì)“獨(dú)立”喲！
①all by oneself“單獨(dú)”使用時(shí)，可與alone互換。如：
We’re here all be ourselves. There’s nothing. 也可說(shuō)：We’re here alone.
②all可省去，意思不改變。如：
You should do your homework by yourself. Don’t want anyone to help you.
③by oneself可與leave, learn等詞搭配。
leave sb. by oneself意為“把某人單獨(dú)留下”，注意此時(shí)oneself應(yīng)與leave后面賓語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)保持一致。如：
She can’t leave her son by himself. He will be afraid and cry.
learn sb. by oneself意為自學(xué)，相當(dāng)于teach oneself sth. 如：
–I learn English by myself. 也可說(shuō)：I teach myself English.
–You’re great!
你學(xué)會(huì)“獨(dú)立”了嗎？那么請(qǐng)做下面的“獨(dú)立”闖關(guān)題：
1. No, thanks. We can do this kind of work by_________.
A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves
2. The problem is easy, you can do it by_________.
A. your B. you C. yourself D. yours
3. Don’t leave him by________. He will feel afraid.
A. him B. his C. yourself D. himself
4. —She’s too busy to help us finish the work.
—Let’s do it_________.
A. herself B. myself C. ourselves D. itself
5. The boys did the work_________. Nobody helped him.
A. all by themself B. all by themselves
C. by all themself D. by all themselves
Keys: 1—5 DCDCB
Lesson 77教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Teaching Objectives:
Students should be able to grasp the dialogues , make similar dialogues and write about things that make them happy and sad.
Language Focus:
later on, do the cooking, make + 賓 + adj. , know much about
Properties: Tape-recorder
Teaching Procedures:
I. Organizing the class
1. Ask the students to get ready for class.
2. Greetings between the students and the teacher.
3. A duty report.
II. Revision
Check the homework left in the last period.
III. Leading-in
1. Ask some students: “Can you use a computer? How well can you use it? Can your parents use it?”
2. Ask some students to answer the above questions and say something about the computer.
3. Play the tape of Dialogue A for students to listen and ask them the following questions:
(1 ) Can Han Mei use a computer?
(2) How about her parents?
(3) Who can help them?
4. Ask students to answer the above questions.
5. Listen to the dialogue again and ask the students to repeat after the tape.
6. Read the dialogue after the tape.
7. Ask the students to retell.
IV. Teaching Dialogue B
1. Ask some students about their weekend: “Did you have a nice weekend?” and questions like: “Can you look after yourself? Can you do the cooking?”
2. Play the tape for the students to listen and ask them to retell the dialogue.
3. Play the tape and ask the students to repeat after it.
4. Ask the students to work in pairs and recite Dialogue A and B.
5. Ask the students to make similar dialogues.
V. Writing practice
1. Ask the students to answer the questions in the exercise book.
2. Ask the students to write about the time when they are happy or sad.
VI. Exercises in class
翻譯句子。
1．我叔叔因?yàn)槌闊熖�，得了癌癥。
2．因?yàn)槲腋改覆惶?jì)算機(jī)，我不得不自學(xué)如何使用它。
3．你父母一定很擔(dān)心你叔叔。
4．上周末，因?yàn)槲腋改溉メt(yī)院看我叔叔，我不得不在家照顧我家弟弟、做飯。
Keys:
1. My uncle has cancer because he smokes a lot.
2. Because my parents don’t know much about computers, I have to learn to use it all by myself.
3. Your parents must be very worried about your uncle.
4. Last weekend, because my parents went to see my uncle in hospital, I had to take care of my younger brother at home and do the cooking.
VII. Homework
1. Finish exercises on page 91.
2. Writing: Write about a time when you felt unhappy or happy and what you did to make yourself feel better.
VIII. Summary
請(qǐng)把下列句子排序。
A. Yes, I had a good time.
B. I went to the Fragrant Hill and enjoyed the apple trees.
C. Did you have a nice weekend?
D. Were there a lot of people there?
E. What did you do?
F. Yes, it was very crowded.
G. Where you very tired after you came home?
H. I was OK.
Keys:
A
C
E
B
D
F
G
H
IX. Writing on blackboard
Lesson 77
Sentences make
1. My parents bought a computer for me. = My parents 1. What makes you happy?
bought me a computer. 2. It makes me very sad.
2.I don’t know how to use it yet.
3. I have to learn to use it all by myself.
4. Can you teach yourself?
5. They want to see him in hospital.
Lesson 77多媒體教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Teaching Objectives:
Grasp the dialogues, make similar dialogues and write about things that make them happy and sad.
Teaching Procedures:
1．（學(xué)生活動(dòng)導(dǎo)入新課）設(shè)問(wèn)導(dǎo)入第一部分對(duì)話(huà)的教學(xué)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)computer。
2．（圖片）展示computer圖片，教師通過(guò)自己的語(yǔ)言引入第一部分對(duì)話(huà)的相關(guān)表達(dá)用語(yǔ)，并讓學(xué)生從對(duì)話(huà)中猜測(cè)新詞匯yet和by myself的意義。
3．（錄像演示）讓學(xué)生觀看A部分對(duì)話(huà)的情景，學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯cousin和engineer，并讓學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。
•1) Can Han Mei use a computer?
•
•2) How about her parents?
•
•3) Who can help them?
•
•4) What does Han Mei’s cousin do?
4．設(shè)問(wèn)引入B部分對(duì)話(huà)的話(huà)題，通過(guò)詢(xún)問(wèn)學(xué)生在家干些什么，引入對(duì)話(huà)中Paul照顧他的弟弟。
�。ㄤ浵裱菔荆┳寣W(xué)生觀看B部分對(duì)話(huà)的情景，學(xué)習(xí)新詞匯cancer，care，及短語(yǔ)take care of，并讓學(xué)生回答問(wèn)題。
Why did Paul have to take care of himself and his little brother?
�。˙ecause his parents went to see his uncle in the hospital.）
5．（課件演示）讓學(xué)生看動(dòng)畫(huà)，跟讀對(duì)話(huà)，熟悉對(duì)話(huà)，并表演對(duì)話(huà)。
（學(xué)生活動(dòng)）學(xué)生自己編類(lèi)似的對(duì)話(huà)，并分角色表演對(duì)話(huà)。
6．（圖片）通過(guò)兩種相反的臉部表情向?qū)W生展示高興和悲傷的神態(tài)，教學(xué)新詞匯sad。
（學(xué)生活動(dòng)）讓學(xué)生展開(kāi)討論，首先讓學(xué)生談?wù)勛约焊吲d和悲傷的幾件事。
•It makes me very happy when my friends come to see me.
•It makes me very happy when we won the match.
•It makes me very sad when I think of my little dog’s death.
•It makes me very sad when I hear the bad news.
•Last week my sister left home. I felt sad. But now she comes back. My family are very happy.
然后讓學(xué)生練習(xí)分辨悲喜的事情。
1. We shall have a holiday next month.
2. I will come to her birthday party.
3. Yesterday I lost my new pen.
4. Our English teacher said to me, “You are a good student”.
5. My father bought me a new bike.
6. I helped an old woman carry water last Sunday.
7. My friend, Liu Mei is ill.
8. Our team won a match.
9. Let’s go boating.
10. I failed (考試不及格) in the last maths exam.
7．課堂練習(xí)
用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空
1. There are all _________ of things in that shop. (kind)
2. The girl is learning to swim all by _________. (she)
3. His mother looks _________ about his English study, (worry)
4. Everyone likes the_________ girl very much. (care)
5. When he came in, we all stopped _________ with him at once. (talk)
答案：1.kinds 2.herself 3.worried 4.careful 5.to talk
8．布置家庭作業(yè)。
1. Finish exercises on page 91.
2. Writing: Write about a time when you felt unhappy or happy and what you did to make yourself feel better.
3. Finish off the workbook exercises.
Lesson 78教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Teaching Objectives:
Help the students to understand Ling Feng’s diary and know how to write English diaries. Grasp the language points in the diary.
Language Focus:
no= not any, the Summer Palace, leave one by oneself, at first, be asleep, wake up, harder and harder, stop doing, not. . . any more, make faces, all this afternoon, take good care of, whole
Properties: Tape-recorder, Overhead projector
Teaching Procedures:
I. Organizing the class
1. Ask the students to get ready for class.
2. Greetings between the teacher and the students.
3. A duty report.
II. Revision
1. Talk about the writing homework.
2. Ask 2 ~ 3 students to talk about their last school trip.
III. Reading
1. Pre-reading:
(1) Ask the students the following questions:
�、貲o you keep a diary?
�、赪hat language do you use to write your diary?
③What must you write when you start your diary?
(2) Revise the word “diary” /’dai[ri/ and dairy /’dZ[ri/.
(3) Tell the students how to begin writing a diary. Place the date and day on the top left hand side, and the weather on the right hand side.
(4) Speech Cassette Lesson 78. Ask the students to answer the question “How did Ling Feng make the baby stop crying?” after the students listen to the whole story.
2. While-reading:
(1) Get the students to read the diary and answer the reading comprehension questions in Exercise One.
(2) Explain the new language points:
I. leave one by oneself
My parents went to visit my uncle last night. They left me by myself.
II. at first at last
at first表示一件事情開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，往往與后來(lái)或最后的情況相對(duì)比
At first no one listened to him, but as he spoke on, they became more and more interested in what he was saying.
At first I found English difficult to learn, but now I find it an interesting language.
At first I thought I was right, but in the end I came to see I had been wrong.
III. asleep adj．作表語(yǔ)
fall asleep be asleep
IV. harder and harder 越來(lái)越厲害
better and better faster and faster cooler and cooler
more and more(beautiful/useful/important)
V. stop doing和stop to do
stop doing：停止做某事
They stopped talking to me. And listen to the teacher.
Stop running about! It’s very dangerous.
stop to do：停下來(lái)去做某事
They stopped to talk to me. I told them the news.
Let’s stop to have a rest. I’m very tired.
VI. not. . . any more = not. . . any longer; no longer
She didn’t cry any more. = She didn’t cry any longer. = She no longer cried．
VII. all和whole的區(qū)別
whole一般位于冠詞、物主代詞或別的限定詞之后，而all必須位于這些詞前。例如，
all the time = the whole time整個(gè)時(shí)間
all this afternoon = the whole afternoon 整個(gè)下午
all my life = my whole life 我的一生
all the class = the whole class 整個(gè)班級(jí)
［注］如名詞前沒(méi)有限定詞，不能用whole，如可說(shuō)all day，不能說(shuō)who day。all和whole都可指“未經(jīng)分割的整體”，但all還可用來(lái)表示“已經(jīng)分割或分散的”人和物，而whole不能這樣用。例如：the whole school = all the school all the classes（不說(shuō)the whole classes）
whole一般不能修飾不可數(shù)名詞或物質(zhì)名詞，修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)一般前面有數(shù)量詞，而all可用于各種情況。例如：all the money（不說(shuō)the whole money） three whole days整三天
VIII. take good care of= look after well
You should take good care of yourselves. You’re alone here.
(3) Ask the students to listen to the tape again and do some reading aloud.
3. After- reading:
(1) Get the students to read the dialogue in pairs:
Huang: My parents are coming .1 have to go to the market.
But my baby. . . /I can’t leave her by herself. What shall I do?
Ling: parents are not at home. But don’t worry. There aren’t any lessons this afternoon. I can look after your baby.
Huang: Oh, how kind you are! Thank you, Xiao Feng. Thank you.
(2) Call out several pairs to act out the dialogue in class.
(3) Practice.
Encourage the students to ask questions on the story in class.
IV. Exercises in class
1. There were no people on the street in the night. It’s very quiet.
A. not any B. few C. not
2. At first he didn’t dare to answer the teacher’s questions in class. He didn’t know the answer.
A. At last B .At the beginning C. In the end
3. All the afternoon Ling Feng was busy making the baby happy. He was very tired.
A. The all afternoon B. The whole afternoon C. Whole the afternoon
4. The daughter takes good care of her sick father. So she can’t come.
A. worries about B. look about C. looks after. . . well
5.The baby is asleep. We must keep quiet.
A. sleeping B. awake C. crying
Keys: 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
V. Homework
1.Retell Ling Feng’s diary.
2. Finish exercises on page 92.
3. Make sentences with: stop doing/stop to do; not. . .any more; at first; leave one by oneself ;whole/ all.
VI. Summary
中英詞組互譯
1. 起先____ 2. 做鬼臉___________
3. 不再……_____ 4. 好好照顧_________
5. 頤和園__________ 6. 獨(dú)自留下來(lái)某人_________
7. 看起來(lái)看急，焦慮______ 8. wake up________.
9. harder and harder _________ 10. the whole story _________
Keys: 1. at first 2. make faces 3. not. . . any more 4. take good care of 5. the Summer Palace 6.leave one by oneself 7.look worried 8. 醒來(lái) 9. 越來(lái)越厲害 10. 整個(gè)故事
VI. Writing on blackboard
Lesson 78
A Page From A Student’s Diary
Language points: Key words to retell the passage:
1. no=not any no→join→came→said→can’t→leave→look after
2. leave one by oneself →left→at first→half an hour later→harder and
3. at first at last harder→turn on→turn off→don't cry→laughed
4. asleep and laughed→so tired→in the evening→tell→
5. wake up bring→babies
6. harder and harder
7. stop doing & stop to do
8. make faces
9. take good care of. . . = look after. . .well
Lesson 79 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Teaching Objectives:
Ask the students to talk about holiday plans; Grasp the language points and grammar: modal verbs
Language Focus:
1.Vocabularies; hometown, visit = go to see, super = excellent/splendid, have a wonderful time, be late for, instead
2. Grammar: will, modal verbs + v. 原形
Properties: Tape-recorder, Overhead projector
Teaching Procedures:
I. Organizing the class
1. Ask the students to get ready for class.
2. Greetings between the teacher and the students.
3. A duty report.
II. Revision
1. Ask 2 ~ 3 students to retell Ling Feng’s diary.
2. Dictate language points learned in the last period.
III. Leading-in
1. Say to the students: “The May 1st holiday is coming. Do you have any plans for the holiday?”
2. Ask the students to work in groups and discuss their plans for the holiday.
3. Call out several groups to say their holiday plans.
4. Lead the students to Emma’s and Hu Xin’s holiday plans.
IV. Teaching Dialogue
1. Before listening:
Before playing the tape for the students to listen, ask the students to find out the answer to the question: What are Emma and Hu Xin going to do in their summer holidays?
2. After listening:
Ask the students to answer the question and ask more questions:
(1) When will the summer holidays begin?
(2) Where’s Hu Xin’s hometown? Why will she go there?
(3)Where is Emma going in the holidays?
3. Listen and repeat (with books closed) the dialogue.
4. (Open the books) Read aloud after the tape.
5. Ask the students to pay attention to:
(1)hometown家鄉(xiāng)
(2) visit = go to see
(3 ) super(口語(yǔ)) = excellent; splendid
(4) have a wonderful time
6. Ask the students to work in pairs and make similar dialogues about holiday plans.
7. Call out 3 ~ 4 pairs to act out their dialogues.
V. Puzzle dialogues
1. Ask the students to finish the puzzle dialogues exercises by themselves.
2.Check the answers: Boys read Column A and girls read Column B.
3. Teaching language prints.
(1) be late for
①He’s often late for school.
②Don’t be late for the important meeting.
(2)instead 代替，頂替，表示前面的事情沒(méi)做，而是做了后面的事。
①He didn’t answer me. Instead, he asked me another question.
�、贗f Harry isn’t well enough to go with you, take me instead.
[注]instead一般位于句首或句尾，但不能位于祈使句前面，也不位于句中。instead所在的那個(gè)句子一般是肯定形式，前面那個(gè)句子一般是否定形式。
instead of 為介詞詞組+并列成分（n., pron., adv., 介詞短語(yǔ), doing）
She went there on foot instead of by bus.
They had tea in the garden instead of in the house.
He answered this question instead of that.
I stayed in bed all day instead of going to work.
I’ll go instead of you.
(3)will, modal verbs( may, should, must, can 及否定) +動(dòng)詞原形
need+動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)，為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；用于need + to do時(shí)，為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
4. Ask the students to talk about the things they can do and can’t do in the box in Exercise 3 on a page 93.
VI. Exercises in class
從B欄中找出與A欄句子相應(yīng)的答語(yǔ)。
A B
1. Excuse me. Do you speak English? a. Thank you.
2. You’re a teacher, aren’t you? b. Only a little.
3. What’s the matter with you? c .No, I’m not.
4. What does the man do? d. He s a doctor.
5. Shall we get some meat? e. Yes, do please.
6. Sit down, please. f. I’ve got a headache.
Keys: 1.b 2.c 3.f 4.d 5.e 6.a
VII. Homework
1. Finish exercises on page 93.
2. Make a dialogue about holiday plans.
VIII. Summary
用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞填空。
1. My mother is ill, so I ________ look after her at home and ________(not) go to the evening Party.
2. You________(not) play on the road. It’s too dangerous.
3. —_________ I return the book in a week?
—No, you _________ (not) .
4. Li Ming is late today. He _________ be ill, but I’m not sure.
5. You _______ try your best not to make the same mistake.
Key: l. have to, can’t 2.mustn’t 3.Must,needn’t 4.may 5.should
IX. Writing on blackboard
Revise modal verbs: may, should, must, can, need
Lesson 80教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)方案
Teaching Objectives:
Develop the students’ four skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing; Enable the students to grasp five kinds of simple sentences; Revise the whole unit.
Language Focus:
1. Five kinds of simple sentences: S + V, S+V+O,S+V+P, S+ V + InO + DO, S+ V+ O+ C
2. Phrases; in the end, forget to do/doing, make sb-do, tell sb. not to do, look into, with these words
3. Revise indefinite pronouns.
Properties: Tape-recorder, Overhead projector
Teaching Procedures:
I. Organizing the class
1. Ask the students to get ready for class.
2. Greetings between the teacher and the students.
3. A duty report.
II. Revision
1. Talk about the writing homework.
2. Ask 2 ~ 3 students to read their good writings.
3. Dictation: dictate all the language points of the unit.
III. Listening practice
1. Pre-listening: tell the students to get ready for listening and what they’ll hear.
2.While-listening: ask the students to bear the listening comprehension questions on Page 94 in mind and try to find out the answers.
3. After- listening:
(1) Ask the students to tell briefly what they heard.
(2) Check the listening comprehension questions.
IV. Reading practice
1. Let the students read the passage quickly to find the answer to the question “Why did the monkey laugh in the end?”
2. Ask the students to close the book and play the tape of Lesson 80 for the students to listen to the story.
3. Ask the students to answer the reading comprehension questions on Workbook.
4. Explain the language points.
(1) in the end = at last; finally最終，最后，終于，后面不接of介詞短語(yǔ)
They won the game in the end.
We found his house in the end. He was waiting for us at the door.
(2)make sb. do 使（做某事或成為）
Whew! That makes my eyes ache. Please take it away.
You may take a horse to the water, but you can’t make him drink.
(3) with these words
with 介詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示一個(gè)伴隨情況。
The teacher came in with a book in his hand. We all stopped talking.
The woman, with a boy on each side, begged from door to door.
5. Group work: Ask the students to work in groups of three and act out the passage.
V. Writing
1. Ask the students to finish the writing exercise on Page 29 with indefinite pronouns.
2. Check the answers.
3. Teach the language points.
(1)forget to do 忘記去做某事
Don’t forget to post the letter.
He had forgotten to bring his umbrella and he was wet through.
(2)forget doing 忘記（曾做過(guò)或發(fā)生過(guò)某事）
I shall never forget seeing the Sea for the first time. It’s very beautiful.
I shall never forget finding the rare coin in the garden.
4. Read the dialogue in roles.
VI. Grammar
1. Teach the five kinds of simple sentences.
2. Ask the students to do the match exercise.
3. Give more examples of simple sentences and ask the students to say the kind they belong to.
(1)We can keep it warm. (S+ V+ O+C)
(2)I won’t let you go.(S+V+O+C)
(3) Mr. Wu teaches us English. (S+ V + InO +DO)
(4) She bought me some tomatoes. ( S+V+ InO + DO)
(5) The story is interesting. (S+ V+ P)
(6) She speaks French.(S+V+ O)
(7) Lily came. (S+V)
VII. Word puzzle
1 Competition :Ask the students to work in groups of four and find as many words as possible in the puzzle.
2. Check the answers.
3. Give the winner( s) prize( s) .
VI. Revision of the four units
Go over the checkpoints 15-19 in the book with the students.
IX. Exercises in class
用動(dòng)詞正確時(shí)態(tài)填空
1. Last year we _________ (learn) a lot of English. We _________ (read) many stories, and _________(do) many exercises. Next year we _________(learn) more English. But first we ______ (have) a rest.
2. Soon Li Lei_________(go)to_________(help)his uncle on the farm.
3. Next month the twins_________(visit) some other places in China.
Keys: 1. learned/learnt, read, did, will/are going to learn, will/are going to have 2. is going, help, 3.will/are going to visit
X. Homework
1. Finish exercises on workbook in this unit.
2. Retell the story about the tiger and the monkey.
3. Revise the whole unit.
XI. Summary
指出下列簡(jiǎn)單句的類(lèi)型：( Subject ), V ( Verb ), O( Object ), P ( Predicative ), InO ( Indirect Object) , DO( Direct Object)
1. I wish you happy.
2. The Great Wall has saved a lot of land.
3. Granny Wang often helps others.
4. The teacher came in.
5. This guy is very funny.
6. He took away my dictionary.
7. His father bought them many new books.
8. Lily’s mother made her stay alone at home.
Keys: 1.S+V+ O+C 2.S+V+O 3. S+V+O 4.S+V 5.S+V+P 6.S+V+O 7. S+ V+ InO +DO 8. S+V+O+C
XII. Writing on blackboard
Lesson 80
The Tiger And The Monkey
The five kinds of simple sentences Language points
1. S+V 1. in the end = at last; finally
2. S+V+O 2.makesb.do
3. S+V+P 3.with these words
4. S + V + InO + DO
5. S+V+O+C
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